Study Guide for Fundamentals of Nursing The Art and Science of Nursing Care

too heavy a demand on the family to care for

their children.

d.Affective and coping: Parents counsel their

children to avoid drinking alcohol, smoking

cigarettes, and using drugs. This meets the chil-

dren’s needs to be productive members of society

and to avoid the pitfalls surrounding

adolescence.

e.Socialization: Parents seek expert counseling for

a kindergarten child who is having difficulty

adjusting to school and relating to other children.

This meets the child’s need to fit in with other

schoolmates and helps correct a problem before

it gets out of hand.

2.Sample answers:

a.Physiologic needs: The nurse helps to prepare the

mother for her cesarean birth and administers

any medications prescribed.

b.Safety and security needs: The nurse monitors

the blood pressure of the mother and baby dur-

ing the procedure.

c. Love and belonging needs: The nurse helps the

husband to cope with his fears and gets him

ready to participate in the birth of his child.

d.Self-esteem needs: The nurse reassures the mother

that having a cesarean birth is a common proce-

dure and that she should not feel guilty for not

being able to have the baby vaginally.

e.Self-actualization needs: The nurse helps the

mother after surgery to continue with her origi-

nal plan to breastfeed her infant.

3.Answers will vary with student’s experiences.

4.What is the family structure? What is the family’s

socioeconomic status? What are the ethnic

background and religious affiliation of family mem-

bers? Who cares for children if both parents work?

What health practices are common (e.g., types of

foods eaten, meal times, immunizations, bedtime,

exercise)? What habits are common (e.g., do any

family members smoke, drink to excess, or use

drugs)? How does the family cope with stress? Do

close friends or family members live nearby, and

can they help if necessary?

REFLECTIVE PRACTICE USING CRITICAL

THINKING SKILLS

Sample Answers

1.What basic human needs should be addressed by

the nurse to provide individualized, holistic care for

Mr. Kaplan?

When providing holistic nursing care, the nurse

should consider all the dimensions that affect how

the patient’s basic human needs are met in health

and in illness. For Mr. Kaplan, these needs include

physiologic needs related to his and his wife’s

health condition; safety and security needs for a

safe environment for a patient with Alzheimer’s

disease; love and belonging needs related to his

desire to remain with, and care for, his wife; self-

esteem needs based on his pride in taking care of

himself and his wife; and self-actualization needs or

acceptance of himself and his current situation.

2.What would a successful outcome be for this patient?

Mr. Kaplan verbalizes the reasons he is unable to

care for his wife in his home and acknowledges a

plan to provide a safe environment for himself and

his wife.

3.What intellectual, technical, interpersonal, and/or

ethical/legal competencies are most likely to bring

about the desired outcome?

Intellectual: knowledge of Alzheimer’s disease and

its effect on the family

Interpersonal: using strong interpersonal skills to

establish a trusting relationship with Mr. Kaplan

that demonstrates respect for his human dignity

and autonomy

Ethical/Legal: skill in working collaboratively with

colleagues and community members to advocate

for the healthcare needs of Mr. Kaplan and his wife

4.What resources might be helpful for Mr. Kaplan?

Teaching aids for patients with Alzheimer’s disease,

counseling services, community services, skilled

nursing care

CHAPTER 5

PRACTICING FOR NCLEX

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1.d 2.a 3.c 4.b 5.a

6.d 7.c 8.b 9.a

ALTERNATE-FORMAT QUESTIONS

Multiple Response Questions

1.b, e, f

2.a, b, e, f

3.c, d, f

4.b, c, e

5.a, e, f

6.b, c, e

DEVELOPING YOUR KNOWLEDGE BASE

FILL-IN-THE-BLANKS

1.Quantitative

2.Concepts

3.Adaptation

4.Informed consent

5.Evidence-based practice

MATCHING EXERCISES

1.f 2.c 3.i 4.h 5.d

6.e 7.b 8.a 9.g

SHORT ANSWER

1. a.General systems theory: This theory explains
   breaking whole things into parts and then learn-
   ing how these parts work together in systems. It
   includes the relationship between the whole and
   the parts and defines concepts about how the
   parts will function and behave.

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