A History of India, Third Edition

INDEX

Tarain, battles at 157
Tarikh-i-Firoz Shahi (text) 159, 162–3, 173
Tarn, W.W. 70–1
Tashkent Conference 302, 324–5
Tata, J.R.D. 298
taxation/revenue
in ancient empires 95
in early middle ages 128, 130
in late middle ages 161–4, 166–7, 174, 182
under British 218, 226–7, 229–31, 233,
243–4, 249; freedom movement and 272
under Mughals 185, 187–90, 193–5, 197–8
Taxila 50–1, 54, 57, 62, 65, 70, 75, 147
tea trade 225, 232, 243
Telugu Desam Party 307, 309, 311, 315
Telugu language 15, 179, 246, 301
temples
in early middle ages 110–11, 113–18, 126,
128–30, 138, 143, 148–50; cities 134–6
in late middle ages 173–6, 179, 183
textiles trade 199, 202–3, 206, 223, 231–2,
246, 248; and freedom movement 267,
270, 272
texts see literature and individual titles
Thailand see Siam
Thakurdas, Purushottamdas 273
Thaneshwar 154
Thanjavur see Tanjore
Theravada Buddhism 150
Thomas, Saint 74
Tibet
Buddhism in 112–13, 148, 150
China occupies 321–2
Tilak, Bal Gangadhar 33, 261, 263–4, 268–9
Tilak Swaraj Fund 270
Timur 167
Tipu Sultan 9, 13, 220–2, 230, 233
Tirumala (general) 180
Tirumurai (texts) 132
Tirupati 136
Tiruvasagam (text) 132
TMC see Tamil Maanila Congress
tolerance, religious 88
Tolkappiyam (text) 98
Tomaras (dynasty) 111
Tondaimandalam 9, 106, 108, 113–14, 178
Toramana (Hun leader) 90–1
Tosali 65
trade, international
in ancient empires 66, 85–6, 93–4, 96; in
South India 99–102
in early civilisations 17, 20–1, 24–5, 29, 41
in early middle ages 117, 122, 144, 149,
151; in South India 118–20
under British 208–9
under Mughals 190; Europeans 197–209,
213, 216, 223
see also Company Bahadur

Trajan (Roman emperor) 77–8

Trasadasyu (king) 36

Travancore 262, 301

tribes and the emergence of the early state

49–50, 54–7, 98–9

Tripuri 111

Tughluqs (dynasty) 164–6, 168–70, 193

Tulamaya (king) 64

Tulsidas (writer) 142

Tuluvas (dynasty) 179

Tuluva Narasa (regent) 179

Tungabhadra 10, 172

Tungas (people) 126–7

Turks 91, 269

in late middle ages 152, 159, 167–8, 170–1

in Mughal empire 184, 198, 200, 206

Tushaspha 79

Udaipur 9, 129, 140, 157

Udayaditya 130

Udayagiri cave inscriptions 95

Ujjain 9, 47, 50, 55, 62, 65–6, 69, 71–3, 78,

84, 87

‘unearned increment’ 230, 234; see also land

revenue

Union Bank 233

United Nations 293, 319

United Provinces of Agra and Oudh 243–5

United States of America 278

China and 325–6

nuclear option and 328

Pakistan and 325, 328–9

republic and 318–19

universities see colleges

Upanishads (texts) 33–4, 46, 52, 119, 131–2

Uparikas (governors) 89, 121

Upper Burma, conquest of (1885) 250, 319

Uraiyur 101

urbanisation

in ancient empires 47–51, 54, 59

in early civilisations 17–29

in middle ages 134–6

under British 244

see also individual towns

Urdu language 195, 244–5, 259, 284

Usbeks (people) 184–8, 192

Ushas (goddess of dawn) 37

Uttama Chola (king of Cholas) 115

Uttar Pradesh 14, 53, 90, 303, 305, 307,

314–16

Vainyagupta (king) 90

Vaishali 53–4

Vaishnavas 69, 88, 132, 139–12, 261

Vaishyas (members of third estate) 39–40,

46; theory of colonisation of Southeast

Asia 143–4

Vajpayjee, Atul Bihari 305, 316, 329