International style, 34
The International Style(Philip
Johnson and John Russell
Hitchcock), 34
Internet, 57–59, 128, 147 (See also
E-commerce)
Interpretive design, 98
Interviews, 337, 339, 347, 541–542,
552–553
Intuition, 330
Investigation, techniques for,
552–553
Ishii, Hiroshi, 252
ISID (seeInternational Society of
Interior Designers)
IT (seeInformation technology)
Italy, 357
Ivy, Robert, 18–19
Jefferson, Thomas, 20, 27, 65
Jensen, Sally, 427
Johnson, Philip, 34
Johnson Controls, 427
Johnson Wax Company, 34
Jones, John Chris, 120
Jordan, Michael, 193
Joroff, Michael, 528
Justice Department, 457
Kandinsky, Wassily, 33
Katzenbach, Jon R., 192, 198
Kearns, David, 394
Kernaghah, Brian, 111
Kidder, David S., 422
Klass, Kathryn, 414, 415, 417–419
Klee, Paul, 33
Knoll, Florence, 35, 73
Knoll, Hans, 35
Knoll Associates, 35
Knoll International, 37
Knowledge:
as basis of new economy, 267
breadth of, 243–244
design as, 98–101
in design practice, 227–231,
244–245
key areas of, 475
(See alsoLearning)
Knowledge economy, 282–283
Knowledge workers, 38
Koolhaas, Rem, 191
Kraft General Foods, 389
Kronick, Richard, 752, 753, 755,
759, 762
Kugler, Jerry, 757
Kugler Tillotson Associates, 757
Kurtich, John, 95
Labeling, standardized, 302
Labor costs, 163, 691–692
Lamb, William F., 191
Landlords, communications with,
610–611
Laser cutters, 251
Laser scanner, 351
“Law of 250,” 496
Laws, licensing (seeLegal issues)
Layers, design, 599–600
Le Corbusier, 258, 590
Lead designers, 205
Leadership:
of design team, 703–704
designers assuming role of, 241–243
management vs., 413
of professional associations, 73
by project manager, 698–699
styles of, 708–709
of teams, 209–211
of working groups, 211–212
Leadership in Energy and
Environmental Design (LEED),
213, 306
Learning, 231–244
breadth of, 243–244
building shared vision for, 236–238
depth of, 243
design as basis for, 96–98
generative, 236
lifelong, 101, 103–107
and mental models, 234–236
and personal mastery, 233–234
systematic, 313
and systems thinking, 240–241
team, 238–240
three levels of, 243
value of, 231–232
Learning organizations, 41, 324
Learning skills, 235
Leblois, Olivier, 94–95
LEED (seeLeadership in Energy
and Environmental Design)
LEED Green Building Rating
System, 306, 313–317
Legal issues, 435–460, 463–477
and Americans with Disabilities
Act, 454–459
coalitions active in, 468–469
codes of ethics, 475, 477
competency examinations, 472
contractual liability claims, 441
cost estimate liability, 445–446
and designer’s experience, 471
education as, 469–470
health and safety, 451, 453–454,
474
history of, 463–465
and IDEP monitored experience
program, 471–472
liability risks/costs, 435
licensing, 436–438
malpractice/professional negligence
claims, 441–443
model language for, 467–468
organizations as advocates in
process of, 466–467
ownership of documents, 447–450
practice acts vs. title acts, 465–466
and project team assembly, 477
with proposal preparation,
438–441
and regulatory boards, 472
scheduling liability, 442–443
self-regulation, 475, 477
Levine, Sally, 111
Liability insurance, 435
Liberty of London, 27
Licensing, 6–7, 18–19, 88–89
of contractors, 663
legal issues related to, 436–438
NCIDQ examination for, 81
Lichtbau, Ernst, 103
Life cycles, 291
Life flow analysis, 530–531
Lifelong learning, 101, 103–107
Lighting, 114, 303–304, 309
Lilien, Marya, 103Limitless possibility, 569
Lines (in working drawings), 619,
621
Linoleum, 301
Local interactions, 262
Lockheed, 13
Loesch, James E., 397, 399, 400
Logistical issues in design, 531
London Architectural Society, 64
Longevity of design, 757
Louisiana, 464
Luminous Table, 252
Machine-age interiors, 51–52
“Macro” project level, 704
Maine, 464
Maintenance, 301, 313
Maister, David, 7, 9, 10, 175–176
Maki, Fumihiko, 248
Malpractice claims, 441–442
Management:
business, 30–31
of change (seeChange
management)
of client relationships (seeClient
relationships)
during design development phase,
595
of design team, 703–709
financial (seeFinancial
management)
hierarchical, 134
information, 259–260
international, 356, 359–360
leadership vs., 413
macro level of, 703
in new economy, 135
by objectives, 38
outmoded ideologies of, 282–283
personal mastery required by,
234
scientific, 14, 29
of space through time, 270
of working groups, 205
(See also specific headings)
Management strategies (client’s),
540–541
Marino, Peter, 43
Market research, 181, 494–495
Marketing, 173–189
and branding, 178–179
budget, marketing, 183–184
and client relationships, 188–189
of clients vs. projects, 500
communications, marketing,
185–188
in contract design firms, 168
cost of, 163, 188
definition of, 174
and degree of specialization/
globalization, 176–177
differentiation message in, 177–178
and firm’s practice models,
175–176
monitoring/evaluation of, 184–185
plans, marketing, 180–185
and strategic planning, 179–180
(See alsoBusiness development)
Marot, Daniel, 65
Maryland, 464
Mass customization, 17
Massachusetts Institute of
Technology (MIT), 252Master builders, 65, 67, 241
Master masons, 20
Material Connexion (web site), 123
Material data sheets, 302
Materials, 311
environmentally benign, 307
environmentally friendly, 313
minimizing waste with, 310
researching, 605, 607
resources for, 317–318
salvaged, 307, 309–311
selling client on, 629
standardized labeling for, 302
substances to avoid when selecting,
302
toxic/hazardous, 453
unique uses of, 607
Maybeck, Bernard, 101
Mayo, Elton, 30–31
Mazzoni, Yolanda, 374, 375, 380
McClelland, Nancy, 29
McCoy, Katherine, 98
McCoy, Michael, 98
McDonalds, 273
McKinnell, Hank, 222
McKinsey & Co., 158
McMillen, Eleanor, 29
McMillen, Inc., 29
McNair, Malcolm P., 36
Measurement:
data for, 278
key issues in, 333–335
of marketing success, 184–185
of outcome, 746
of process, 743, 745
software for, 258
of success in client relationships,
742–743, 745–748
timing of, 335
Mechanical, electrical, or plumbing
(MEP) engineers, 514, 517,
523–524
Media coverage, 187, 757–758
Mediation, 663
Medical services, 60–61
Meeting agendas, 695
Meeting notes, 695
Mental models, 232, 234–236
Mentoring, 149
MEP engineers (seeMechanical,
electrical, or plumbing engineers)
Metals, heavy, 302
Metrics (seeMeasurement)
Michaels, Ed, 146, 158
Michelangelo, 20
“Micro” project level, 704
Middle Ages, 20
Milestones, 594
Miller, Herman, 350
Minnesota, 464
Mission statements, 540
Missouri, 464
MIT (Massachusetts Institute of
Technology), 252
Mitchell, William J., 95
Mockbee, Samuel, 122
Model Language for Interior
Designers, 467–468
Models, 562
in design development phase,
586–587
of design education, 107, 109–110
digital, 247, 249, 250INDEX 779