116 ARISTOTLE’S PoLrTrcs.
live in a private station.‘
to the shade of meaning given to nfrviv and inrmd~cvos.Thessaly.‘ Briu db’trriv ha, llnoo 8;uqTai Kai &uta lrohlh xorciu.’
The two interpretations differ accordingThe Jason here referred to is Jason of Pherae, the Tap ofAnother saying of Jason is quoted in Rhet. i. 12, 1373 a. 26:- IO. ti OUIV qu piv rn; iya& du8pbr r&pw 2p;pxrmjv, riv 82 TO; nolirov
I) Aristotle here lights upon a paradox, which he cannot resist
mentioning, but does not pursue further. ‘ If the virtue of the good
man is of a ruling character, but the virtue of the citizen includes
ruling and being ruled, their virtues cannot [from this point of
view] be equally praiseworthy, [for the good man has one virtue
only, the citizen tao].’
2) Or the meaning may be, ‘that the virtue of the good man
being the virtue of ruling is higher than that of the citizen who
only rules at times, or who obeys as well as rules.’
’The words O~K bu C7 Zpr#w c‘raivcii 6puios according to the first
way = ‘the citizen is more to be praised than the good man’:
according to the second; the virtue of the two, i.e. of ruler and
citizen, are not equally praisenorthy’; in other words, the virtue of
the good man is the higher of the kvo.
The whole passage is perplexed, not from any corruption of
the text, but from the love of casuistry and a want of clearness
in distinguishing the two sides of the argument.Zp+w, 06, Bv dq Zp+o c‘narvsih Spnios.- I I. &rei OVPV lrori ~OKP~ bp+6repa, Kat 03 ratid 8civ rAv ;ipxoma pav6ciurrv
KU~ rbv dpxdpvov, rb 62 lroXirqv dpq!dicp’ iniuraudai Kai ptre‘xclu dpcjob.
TOiJYTdEV hV KaTi801 TIE.
Aristotle seems to mean that the citizen acquires a knowledge
of the duties of both ruler and ruled, which are different. Since
the ruler and the ruled must learn both, and the tLvo things are
distinct, and the citizen must know both and have a part in both
the inference is obvious. But what is this obvious inference
are uncertain:-either, I)* that some kind of previous subjection is an
advantage to the ruler; or 2) that the citizen who knows both at
once is to be preferred to the 2pxov and cipxdpcvos, taken separateb’.