receptive skillsrecast n
also corrective recast, implicit negative feedback
in second language acquisition, a type of negative feedback in which
a more competent interlocutor (parent, teacher, native-speaking inter-
locutor) rephrases an incorrect or incomplete learner utterance by
changing one or more sentence components (e.g. subject, verb, or object)
while still referringto its central meaning. Recasts have the following
characteristics:
aThey are a reformulation of the ill-formed utterance.
bThey expand the utterance in some way.
c The central meaning of the utterance is retained.
dThe recast follows the ill-formed utterance.
For example when two students are comparing two pictures:
Learner 1: What are they... what do they do in your picture?
Learner 2: What are they doing in my picture?
Recasts are thought to be one way in which learners acquire new linguistic
structures or come to notice that the ones they are using are not correct.
see also evidence, feedback
received pronunciation n
also RP
the type of British standard English pronunciation which has been
traditionally considered the prestige variety and which shows little or no
regional variation. It has often been popularly referred to as “BBC
English” because it was until recently the standard pronunciation used by
most British Broadcasting Corporation newsreaders. Like all other varieties
of language it has been subject to change over time.
RP differs from Standard American English pronunciation in various ways.
For example, it uses the phoneme /∞/ where most Americans would use
another phoneme, as in hot/h∞t||h∞pt/. Speakers of RP do not have an
rsound before a consonant, though most Americans do, as in farm
/fwpm||fwprm/.
receiver n
see communication
receptive language knowledge n
see active /passive language knowledge
receptive skills n
see language skills