Medical-surgical Nursing Demystified

(Sean Pound) #1

(^408) Medical-Surgical Nursing Demystified
HALLMARK SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS



  • Hot, red skin over the area of infection

  • Swollen and painful skin and tissue due to the infection


INTERPRETING TEST RESULTS



  • CBC to check on the white blood cell count.

  • Culture of the wound to identify the organism causing the cellulitis.

  • Ultrasound of the leg to rule out a DVT—deep vein thrombosis.


TREATMENT


Treatment for a beginning infection is oral antibiotics. If fever and body aches
accompany the infection or if the face is involved or the area is extensive, hospi-
talization may be necessary. Empiric treatment is started immediately and is effec-
tive against the most common bacteria.


  • Cephalexin.

  • Dicloxacillin.

  • Levofloxacin.

  • Tetanus booster if needed.

  • Drainage of abscess by a surgeon if necessary.

  • Pain medications.


NURSING DIAGNOSES



  • Pain, discomfort

  • Risk of infection

  • Impaired skin integrity


NURSING INTERVENTION



  • Explain to the patient the importance of good hygiene.

  • Wash the affected area daily.

  • Use a topical antibiotic ointment and a dry dressing twice daily.

  • Elevate the area if possible.

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