Medical Terminology Simplified

9–34 Hyper/thyroid/ism involves enlargement of the thyroid gland associated

with hypersecretion of thyroxine. It is characterized by exophthalmos (bulging of the

eyes), which develops because of edema in the tissues of the eye sockets and swelling

of the extrinsic eye muscles. (See Fig. 9–4.) Hyper/thyroid/ism is also called Graves

disease, ex/ophthalm/ic goiter, thyr/o/toxic/ osis, and tox/ic goiter. (See Fig. 9–5.)

Identify the terms in this frame that mean

bulging of the eyes:__________ / ____________________ / __________

abnormal condition of thyroid gland poisoning:

__________ / _____ / __________ / __________

9–35 Toxic/o/logy is the scientific study of poisons and treatment of conditions

produced by them.

A specialist in the study of poisons is called a

__________ / _____ / ____________________.

Boldfaceindicates a word root or combining form. Blueindicates a suffix. Pinkindicates a prefix.

406 CHAPTER 9• Endocrine and Nervous Systems

ex/ophthalm/os or

ex/ophthalm/ic

ĕks-ŏf-THĂL-mŏs,

ĕks-ŏf-THĂL-mĭc

thyr/o/toxic/osis

thī-rō-tŏks-ĭ-KŌ-sĭs

Figure 9-5Enlargement of the thyroid gland in goiter.

Figure 9-4Exophthalmos caused by Graves disease.

toxic/o/logist

tŏks-ĭ-KŎL-ō-jĭst