- See e.g. Christopher Baswell,Virgil in Medieval England(Cambridge, 1995 ),
pp. 276 – 79. For an account of theEneadosas uncompromisingly imperial
translatio, see James Simpson,Reform and Cultural Revolution(Oxford, 2002 ),
78 – 86. - On Douglas’s life, see Priscilla Bawcutt,Gavin Douglas: A Critical Study
(Edinburgh, 1976 ), 1 – 22. - On this tradition, see Minnis,Medieval Theory, 9 – 72.
- Elizabeth J. Bellamy,Translations of Power: Narcissism and the Unconscious in
Epic History(Ithaca, 1992 ), 81. - See“Alexander Barclay,”entry by Nicholas Orme,DNB. R. J. Lyall suggests
that Barclay may have usedThe Fall of Princesas a source: see“Tradition and
Innovation in Alexander Barclay’s‘Towre of Vertue and Honoure,’”Review of
English Studiesn.s. 23 ( 1972 ), 1 – 18 ( 7 ). For a full examination of Barclay’s
Lydgateanism, see Meyer-Lee,Poets and Power, 190 – 204. - The biographical outline is given in Orme,DNB. On Barclay and Pynson, see
David R. Carlson,“Alexander Barclay and Richard Pynson: A Tudor Printer
and His Writer,”Anglia 113 ( 1995 ), 283 – 302. On the later career: R. J. Lyall,
“Alexander Barclay and the Edwardian Reformation 1548 – 52 ,”Review of
English Studies 20 ( 1969 ), 455 – 61. - See Alexander Barclay,The Life of St. George, ed. William Nelson, EETS OS
230 (London, 1955 [for 1948 ]), xv. For an alternative reading working from the
assumption that Barclay was referring to Gower’sConfessio Amantis, see
Candace Barrington, “Misframed Fables: Barclay’s Gower and the
Wantonness of Performance,”Medievalia 24 ( 2003 ), 195 – 225.
9 .Life of St. George, 1 , 7 – 9 , Prol. 44 – 45.
10 .Here begynneth the famous cronycle of the warre / which the romayns had against
Iugurth(STC 21627 ), a.iv–A 1. - STC 21627 , a.vi.
- David Rollin Anderson,“A Critical Edition of Alexander Barclay’sShip of Fools
( 1509 )”( 1974 ), 157 , lines 1 – 5. All further references toThe Shipare to this
edition. - Life of St. George, xx, where Nelson engagingly labels Barclay“a very skittish
pony.”See too Meyer-Lee,Poets and Power, 194 – 95. - The dating of theEcloguesis discussed inThe Eclogues of Alexander Barclay, ed.
Beatrice White, EETS OS 175 (Oxford, 1928 [for 1927 ]; rpt. 1961 ), xxiv–xxv,
lvi–lx. All references to theEcloguesare to this edition. See also Carlson,
“Barclay and Pynson,” 297 – 98. On Barclay and Eneo Silvio, seeAeneae Silvii
de curialium miseriis epistola, ed. Wilfred P. Mustard (Baltimore, 1928 ), 15 – 16 ;
for Barclay and Mantuan, I have consultedThe Eclogues of Baptista Mantuanus,
ed. Mustard (Baltimore, 1911 ), and Baptista (Spagnuoli) Mantuanus,
Adulescentia: The Eclogues of Mantuan, ed. Lee Piepho (New York, 1989 ). On
Lemaire de Belges, see Lyall,“Tradition and Innovation,” 1 – 5. - It may be noted that White’s edition of theEcloguesprints the immediate Latin
source texts on the same page as Barclay’s translations, using a 1578 Frankfurt
edition of theDe Miseriisand afirst edition of Mantuan. In her preface, she
202 Notes to Pages 87 – 91