1) Total Ionic Reaction
H O+ + −O O
H
H Cl − + Na+ H H +
H
(^2) Na+ + Cl−
Spectator inos
2) Net Reaction
O+ +H−O O
H
H^2
H
H H
3) The Net Reaction of solutions of all aqueous strong acids and bases are mixed:
H 3 O++ OH− 2H 2 O
3.2B THE LEWIS DEFINITION OF ACIDS AND BASES
- Lewis acid-base theory: in 1923 proposed by G. N. Lewis (1875~1946; Ph. D.
Harvard, 1899; professor, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1905-1912;
professor, University of California, Berkeley, 1912-1946).
- Acid: electron-pair acceptor
- Base: electron-pair donor
H+ + NH 3 H NH+ 3
Lewis acid
(electron-pair acceptor)
Lewis base
(electron-pair donor)
curved arrow shows the donation of the electron-pair of ammonia
Cl Al + NH 3 Al
Cl
Cl Cl
Cl
Cl − NH+ 3
Lewis acid
(electron-pair acceptor)
Lewis base
(electron-pair donor)