NOTES TO PAGES 45–48statement of policy after the Supreme Court’s ruling), urged lawmakers to change the definition of
war crimes prohibited by the Geneva Conventions. Asked by senator John McCain whether ‘‘evi-
dence obtained through coercion’’ or ‘‘illegal and inhumane treatment’’ could be admissible as
court evidence, Gonzalez, according to news reports, ‘‘paused for almost a minute before respond-
ing,’’ and then said: ‘‘The concern that I would have about such a prohibition is, what does it mean?
How do you define it? I think that if we could all reach agreement about the definition of cruel and
inhumane and degrading treatment, then perhaps I could give you an answer’’ (cited in Kate Zer-
nike, ‘‘U.S. Official Pushes for Clarity on Handling Terror Suspects,’’ inThe International Herald
Tribune, August 4, 2006).
- Judith Butler,Precarious Life: The Powers of Mourning and Violence(London: Verso,
2004); idem,Giving an Account of Oneself(New York: Fordham University Press, 2005). - Carl Schmitt,Political Theology: Four Chapters on the Concept of Sovereignty, trans. and
introd. George Schwab (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1985); Jakob Taubes,Die politische Theologie des
Paulus, ed. Aleida and Jan Assmann et al. (Munich: Wilhelm Fink, 1993);The Political Theology of
Paul, trans. Dana Hollander (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2005). For a discussion of the
latter, see myReligion and Violence, chap. 3, and Joshua Robert Gold, ‘‘Jacob Taubes: ‘Apocalypse
from Below,’ ’’ inTelos134 (Spring 2006): 140–56. - Assmann,Herrschaft und Heil, 16.
- Jean-Franc ̧ois Courtine, ‘‘Proble`mes the ́ologico-politiques,’’ in idem,Nature et empire de
la loi,163–75. See also Myriam Revault-d’Allonnes, ‘‘Sommes nous vraiment ‘de ́the ́ologise ́s’? Carl
Schmitt, Hans Blumenberg et la se ́cularisation des temps modernes,’’ inLes E ́tudes philosophiques,
no. 1 (2004): 25–37. - Carl Schmitt,Politisches Theologie II: Die Legende von der Erledigung jeder politischen The-
ologie(Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 1970). - Erik Peterson,Der Monotheismus als politisches Problem: Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der
politischen Theologie im Imperium Romanum(Leipzig: Jakob Hegner, 1935); idem,Theologische
Traktate(Munich: Ko ̈sel, 1951); Hans Blumenberg,Die Legitimita ̈t der Neuzeit: Erneute Ausgabe
(Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1988). See, for an overview of these debates, Jean-Claude Monod,
La Querelle de la se ́cularisation: The ́ologie politique et philosophies de l’histoire de Hegel a`Blumenberg
(Paris: Vrin, 2002). - For a different, psychoanalytic perspective, see Kenneth Reinhard, Eric L. Santner, and
Slavoj Zˇizˇek in their collaborative volumeThe Neighbor: Three Inquiries in Political Theology(Chi-
cago: University of Chicago Press, 2005). - More precisely, Enrique Dussel understands his work as a ‘‘Filosofı ́a de la Liberacı ́on.’’
See, for information on his extensive work and collaborative efforts, the Web site http://www.afyl
.org. Catholic liberation theologies were inspired by Pope Paul VI’s encyclicalPopulorum Progressio
(1967) and the Vatican II documentGaudium et Spes(1962–65). - See the first issue of the new French journalControverses, no. 1 (March 2006), which
devoted a dossier to ‘‘La the ́ologie politique des alter-mondialistes.’’ - See, for an extensive discussion, Peter Scott and William T. Cavanaugh, eds.,The Black-
well Companion to Political Theology(Malden: Blackwell, 2004). - For the complete English text ofDeus caritas est, see http://www.vatican.va/holy_
father/benedict_xvi/encyclicals/documents/hf_ben-xvi_enc_20051225_deus-caritas-est_en.html. - See Keith Bradsher, ‘‘Hong Kong Bishop Condemns China on Tiananmen Anniversary,’’
inThe International Herald Tribune, June 5, 2006. - Ju ̈rgen Habermas and Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger,Dialektik der Sa ̈kularisierung: U ̈ber Ver-
nunft und Religion, ed. Florian Schuller (Freiburg im Breisgau: Herder, 2005).
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