Arabic: An Essential Grammar

(b) If the first consonant of the basic verb form is ز /z/, as in َز َه َر

zahara ‘to shine’, the infix ..ـتـ.. /-t-/ of form VIII is changed into

د /-d-/, thus yielding the form ِإ ْز َد َه َر^

izdahara ‘to flourish’ (not:

ِإ ْز َت َه َر^

iztahara).

Note: If the first consonant of the basic verb form is تـ.. /t/, as in َت ِب َع tabi



a

‘to follow’, the infix ..ـتـ.. /-t-/ of form VIII is written as doubled: ت َب َعَِّإ


ittaba



a, ‘to follow, succeed’ (not: ِإ ْت َت َب َع).

Exercises

Analyse the following verbs according to:

(a) form number

(b) basic verb form

(c) imperfect tense.

َأ ْب َع َد ر َقَّم َع َت َفََّر َأ ْن َت َج َج رََّح

(1) to send away to be split to gather to produce to liberate

ل َم ِإ ْس َت ْخ َر َجََّع د َسا َم َحََّكا َت َبإ ْس َو

(2) to take out to teach to forgive to become

black

to correspond

with

س َن ِإ ْس َت ْم َت َعَّ ه َل َت َحََّها َج َر َأ ْعَل َم َس

(3) to enjoy to improve to make

easy

to inform to emigrate

ن َب َت َكا َت َبَّل َح َت َجَّل َم ِإ ْن َت َق َل َت َسََّت َك

(4) to

correspond

to avoid to arm

oneself

to move to speak

َت َقا َت َل َشا َر َك َت َسا َب َق ِإ ْن َس َر َق ِإ ْن َق َس َم

(5) to be divided to be stolen to compete to share to fight

ل َمََّس ل َم ِإ ْن َت َص َرَّب َر َت َعَِّإ ْن َف َج َر َت َك

(6) to greet to gain to learn to be

proud

to explode

123

Derived

verb forms,

transitive

and

intransitive

verbs