Manual of Clinical Nutrition

Food and Drug Interactions

Manual of Clinical Nutrition Management II- 29 Copyright © 2013 Compass Group, Inc.

Medication

Classification

Effect of Food

on Medication

Effect of Medication on

Nutritional Status

Patient Guidelines

aGI indicates gastrointestinal;  , increase; and , decrease
Antihypertensive
Propranolol beta
blockers
(Inderal,
Lopressor)

Food may

increase,

decrease, or

delay absorption

(depending on

which beta

blocker is used)

Dry mouth; diarrhea; nausea;

vomiting; constipation

May prevent the appearance of

certain premonitory signs and

symptoms of acute hypoglycemia in

type 1 diabetes

Take with food

Follow a sodium-restricted diet

Avoid natural licorice

Calcium channel

blockers

(Nifedipine,

Felodipine,

Nicardipine,

Nimodipine,

Isradipine,

Nisoldipine) and

Phenylalkylamine

beta blocker

(Verapamil)

Grapefruit juice

may increase

medication

availability and

absorption (4-7)

Avoid grapefruit juice (4-7).

Bronchodilator

Theophylline

(Theo-24,

Theo-Dur,

Theolair,

Slo-bid)

Medication effect

is increased by

caffeine; toxicity

can result

When plasma

levels are

measured, coffee,

tea, cola,

chocolate, and

acetaminophen

and xanthine

contribute to

high values; may

 risk of

cardiovascular

and central

nervous system

side effects

Medication effect

may be

decreased by

ingestion of

charcoal-broiled

meats

High-

protein/low-

carbohydrate

diet is associated

with decreased

medication level

May occasionally act as a GI irritant

Anorexia

Bitter aftertaste

Raises glucose with high dosage

Avoid large amounts of caffeine and

chocolate

Take with food to help reduce GI

irritation

Avoid major changes in

carbohydrate and protein

composition of diet

Avoid excessive intake of

charbroiled meats

aGI indicates gastrointestinal;  , increase; and , decrease