Wine Chemistry and Biochemistry

9B Flavanols, Flavonols and Dihydroflavonols 469

Ta b l e 9 B. 1

(continued)

Source

Reference

Detection

(–)-Epicatechin-(4

-8)-(–)-epicatechin

3-gallate-(4

-8)-(+)- catechin

Seeds

Ricardo da Silva et al.

(1991c)

HPLC, TLC, NMR, FAB-MS after enzymatic hydrolysis, acid hydrolysis,

partial acid-catalysed degradation with phloroglucinol orphenylmethanethiol

FlavonolsQuercetin, (R1=OH, R2=H) 3-glucoside

Skin

Rib ́

ereau-Gayon(1964)

PC- Fluorescence, -UV spectroscopy, hydrolysis

Quercetin 3-glucuronide

Skin

Rib ́

ereau-Gayon(1964)

PC- Fluorescence, -UV spectroscopy, hydrolysis

Quercetin 3-glucosylgalactoside

Skin

Cheynier and Rigaud

(1986)

HPLC-UV spectrometry, -MS, -

1 H NMR, -TLC after hydrolysis

Quercetin 3-glucosylxyloside

Skin

Cheynier and Rigaud

(1986)

HPLC-UV spectrometry, -MS, -

1 H NMR, -TLC after hydrolysis

Quercetin 3-rhamnosylglucoside

Skin

Cantos et al. (2002)

HPLC-DAD, -MS-MS

Quercetin 3-rhamnosylglucoside

Leaves

Hmamouchi et al.

(1996)

HPLC-UV spectrometry, -MS, -

1 Hand

13

C NMR, -TLC after hydrolysis

Kampferol (R1=R2=H) 3-glucoside

Skin

Rib ́

ereau-Gayon(1964)

PC- Fluorescence, -UV spectroscopy, hydrolysis

Kampferol 3-glucuronide

Skin

Cheynier and Rigaud

(1986)

HPLC-UV spectrometry, -MS, -

1 H NMR, -TLC after hydrolysis

Kampferol 3-galactoside

Skin

Cheynier and Rigaud

(1986)

HPLC-UV spectrometry, -MS, -

1 H NMR, -TLC after hydrolysis

Kampferol 3-glucosylarabinoside

Skin

Cheynier and Rigaud

(1986)

HPLC-UV spectrometry, -MS, -

1 H NMR, -TLC after hydrolysis

Myricetin (R1=R2=OH) 3-glucoside

Skin

Rib ́

ereau-Gayon(1964)

PC- Fluorescence, -UV spectroscopy, hydrolysis

Myricetin 3-glucuronide

Skin

Cheynier and Rigaud

(1986)

HPLC-UV spectrometry, -MS, -

1 H NMR, -TLC after hydrolysis