Figure 1: NICU sedation & analgesia algorithm
Figure 2: PICU short term extubation algorithm for anticipated intubation
<3 days
Figure 3: PICU long term extubation algorithm for anticipated intubation
>3 days and/or chemically paralyzed
Figure 4: NICU/PICU titration algorithmXI. Summary
This chapter highlighted the common sedative and analgesics used in
neonatal and pediatric intensive care units. Although sedation and analgesia
algorithms have been used in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units, there
is no consensus as to the specific agents or protocol to implement. It is
important, however, to be mindful of the impact of sedation on morbidity and
mortality. Prolonged sedation is associated with increased procedures,
acquired neuromuscular disorders, length of mechanical ventilation, ICU length
of stay and adverse events. Additionally it is unclear of the effects of prolonged
sedation on developing brains. Therefore, it is recommended to establish and
follow a sedation and analgesia algorithm for children in the intensive care unit.
The information contained in this chapter is meant as a guideline for use. The
following algorithms outlined are general frameworks to assist in sedation and
analgesia management, however may be individualized for each patient or