e power density (energy dissipation rate) (W?m^3 )
relative deformation or strain (–)
relative dielectric constant (–)
e 0 dielectric permittivity of vacuum (8: 854? 10 ^12 C?V^1 ?m^1 )
eH natural or Hencky strain (–)
Z viscosity (Pa?s)
Za apparent viscosity (Pa?s)
[Z] intrinsic viscosity
y (contact) angle (rad)
surface fraction (covered) (–)
k reciprocal Debye length (m^1 )
L stress concentration factor (–)
l thermal conductivity (W?K^1 ?m^1 )
wavelength (m)
m chemical potential (J?mol^1 )
Poisson ratio (–)
n cross-link density (m^3 )
frequency (s^1 )
x relative surface expansion rate (s^1 )
P osmotic pressure (Pa)
surface pressure (N?m^1 )
PS interfacial spreading pressure (N?m^1 )
r mass density (kg?m^3 )
s number density of polymer chains (m^2 )
stress (Pa)
sfr fracture stress (Pa)
sy yield stress (Pa)
t characteristic time (scale) (s)
relaxation time (s)
F hydrophobicity
j volume fraction (–)
w solvent-segment interaction parameter (–)
C velocity gradient, strain rate (s^1 )
c mass fraction (–)
electrostatic potential (V)
c 0 electrostatic surface potential (V)
O number of degrees of freedom (–)
o revolution rate; (angular) frequency ðrad?s^1 ;s^1 Þ
Other
[A] molar concentration of substance A
pI isoelectric pH
pK log(stability constant)
pKa log(association constant)
¼pH of 50%dissociation
