American Politics Today - Essentials (3rd Ed)

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A38 ENDNOTES


.people-press.org/report/523/economy-spending (accessed
11/4/09).


  1. Robert S. Erikson, Michael B. Mackuen, and James A. Stim-
    son, “Macro-partisanship,” American Political Science Review
    83 (1989): 1125–42.

  2. Frank Baumgartner, Suzanna DeBoef, and Amber Bodston,
    The Decline of the Death Penalty and the Discovery of Inno-
    cence (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008).

  3. Richard Nadwau et al., “Class, Party and South-Nonsouth Dif-
    ferences,” American Politics Research 32 (2004): 52–67.

  4. Donald P. Green, Bradley Palmquist, and Eric Schickler, Parti-
    san Hearts and Minds (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press,
    2002).

  5. Don Balz, “Contests Serve as Warning to Democrats: It’s Not
    2008 Anymore,” Washington Post, November 4, 2009, p. A1.

  6. For elaboration on this point, see William T. Bianco, Richard
    G. Niemi, and Harold W. Stanley, “Partisanship and Group
    Support over Time: A Multivariate Analysis,” American Politi-
    cal Science Review 80 (September 1986): 969–76.

  7. Arthur Lupia and Mathew D. McCubbins, The Democratic
    Dilemma (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998).

  8. Lawrence R. Jacobs and Robert Y. Shapiro, Politicians Don’t
    Pander: Political Manipulation and the Loss of Democratic
    Responsiveness (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000).

  9. Robert Y. Shapiro and Lawrence Jacobs, “Simulating Repre-
    sentation: Elite Mobilization and Political Power in Health
    Care Reform,” The Forum 8:1 (2010), article 4.

  10. Christopher Wlezien and Robert S. Erikson, “The Horse
    Race: What Polls Reveal as the Election Campaign Unfolds,”
    International Journal of Public Opinion Research 19:1 (2007):
    74–88

  11. Pollster.com, “IVR and Internet: How Reliable?” September
    28, 2006, http://www.pollster.com/mystery_pollster/ivrinternet
    how_reliable.php (accessed 2/21/08).

  12. For data on reported and actual turnout, see Chapter 7.

  13. Anton J. Nederhof, “Methods of Coping with Social Desir-
    ability Bias: A Review,” European Journal of Social Psychology
    15:3 (2006): 263–80.

  14. Gary Langer, “Two Years from Election, Looking at Early
    Polls,” ABC News, January 18, 2007, http://abcnews.go.com/
    Politics/story?id=2802742&page=1 (accessed 2/21/08).

  15. James H. Kuklinski et al., “Misinformation and the Currency
    of Democratic Citizenship,” Journal of Politics 62:3 (2000):
    790–816.

  16. Pew Research Center, “Health Care Reform Closely Followed,
    Much Discussed,” August 20, 2009, http://www.people-press.org/
    reports/pdf/537.pdf (accessed 11/5/09).

  17. George H. Bishop, The Illusion of Public Opinion: Fact and
    Artifact in Public Opinion Polls (Washington, DC: Roman &
    Littlefi eld, 2004).

  18. Michael X. Delli Carpini and Scott Keeter, What Americans
    Know about Politics and Why It Matters (New Haven, CT: Yale
    University Press, 1997).

  19. Delli Carpini and Keeter, What Americans Know about
    Politics.


44:4 (2000): 750–67; L. M. Bartels, “Beyond the Running
Tally:  Partisan Bias in Political Perceptions,” Political Behav-
ior 24:2 (2002): 117–50.


  1. Donald R. Kinder, “Exploring the Racial Divide: Blacks,
    Whites, and Opinion on National Policy,” American Journal of
    Political Science 45:2 (2001): 439–49; Paul M. Sniderman and
    Thomas Piazza, The Scar of Race (Cambridge, MA: Harvard
    University Press, 1993).

  2. Robert Huckfeldt, Jeff ery Levine, William Morgan, and John
    Sprague, “Accessibility and the Political Utility of Partisan
    and Ideological Orientations,” American Journal of Political
    Science 43:3 (July 1999): 888–911.

  3. George E. Marcus, John L. Sullivan, Elizabeth Theiss-Morse,
    and Sandra L. Wood, With Malice toward Some: How People
    Make Civil Liberties Judgments (New York: Cambridge Uni-
    versity Press, 1995).

  4. Stanley Feldman and Marco R. Steenbergen, “The Humani-
    tarian Foundation of Public Support for Social Welfare,”
    American Journal of Political Science 45:3 (2001): 658–77.

  5. R. Michael Alvarez and John Brehm, “American Ambivalence
    towards Abortion Policy: Development of a Heteroskedas-
    tic Probit Model of Competing Values,” American Journal of
    Political Science 39:4 (1995): 1055–82.

  6. R. Michael Alvarez and John Brehm, “Are Americans Ambiva-
    lent towards Racial Policies?” American Journal of Political
    Science 41 (1997): 345–74.

  7. Virginia Sapiro, “Not Your Parents’ Political Socialization:
    Introduction for a New Generation,” Annual Review of Politi-
    cal Science 7 (2004): 1–23.

  8. M. Kent Jennings and Richard G. Niemi, Generations and Pol-
    itics: A Panel Study of Young Adults and Their Parents (Princ-
    eton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1981).

  9. Robert Putnam, Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of
    American Community (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2000).

  10. Richard G. Niemi and Mary Hepburn, “The Rebirth of Politi-
    cal Socialization,” Perspectives on Politics 24 (1995): 7–16.

  11. David Campbell, Why We Vote: How Schools and Communi-
    ties Shape Our Civic Life (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University
    Press, 2006).

  12. Sidney Verba, Kay Schlozman, and Henry Brady, Voice and
    Equality: Civic Volunteerism in American Politics (Cambridge,
    MA: Harvard University Press, 1995).

  13. Paul Allen Beck and M. Kent Jennings, “Pathways to Partici-
    pation,” American Political Science Review 76 (1982): 94–108.

  14. Fiorina, Retrospective Voting.

  15. Edward G. Carmines and James A. Stimson, Issue Evolution:
    Race and the Transformation of American Politics (Princeton,
    NJ: Princeton University Press, 1990).

  16. Darren W. Davis and Brian D. Silver, “Civil Liberties vs. Secu-
    rity: Public Opinion in the Context of the Terrorist Attacks in
    America,” American Journal of Political Science 48:1 (2004):
    28–46; Leonie Huddy, Nadia Khatib, and Theresa Capelos, “The
    Polls: Trends,” Public Opinion Quarterly 66 (2002): 418–50.

  17. Pew Research Center, “Public More Optimistic about the
    Economy, but  Still Reluctant to Spend,” June 19, 2009, www

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