Gazetteer
We list here all 290 or more sites and all 35 or more regions from which ca 1000 ancient scientists are
attested or considered to have originated (when two or three homonyms came from the same place, that is
marked with a parenthetical Arabic numeral “ 2 ” or “ 3 ” – see Alexandria, e.g.). A few other sites mentioned
in the entries are also included. Identifications of ancient with modern sites are often controversial, and we
have simply listed what we believe to be the scholarly consensus (indicating disagreements where we found
them); a few sites have not yet been located. Because modern names are subject to change, we have given the
latitude and longitude of each site. Moreover, about one tenth of the sites are ambiguous (marked by %),
since two or more by the same name existed: often such sites were distinguished in antiquity by some epithet or
localization (which may nevertheless have been lost in transmission), the oldest or largest site being sometimes
unmarked: see esp. Antioch, Apameia, He ̄rakleia, Laodikeia, and Neapolis. In some cases, disambiguation
is not certain, and we index such entries first, indicating the possibilities. Finally, where the attribution of a
place of origin to one of the scientists is itself uncertain, the scientist’s name is marked with “(?)”.
Notes- Regions are underlined, and include a list of their cities in this gazetteer, plus a list of scientists from that
region for whom no city is known. (Sufficiently small islands are considered sites.) - The historical sketches cover the period represented by the relevant entries; thus the later history of, e.g.,
Arados, Gade ̄s, Kno ̄ssos, and Nola is omitted. - Certain turning points are emphasized: foundation, autonomy or its loss, conquests by non-Greeks (esp.
by Rome), and raids in the 3rd c. by the Goths (256–277: see Argos, Boio ̄tia, Ephesos,
Kilikia, Nikaia (Bithunia), Nikome ̄deia, Pergamon, Side ̄, and Trapezous), or
Heruli (267: see Athens, Buzantion, Corinth, and Sparta), and invasions by the Vandals
in the early 5th c. (Burdigala, E ̄peiros, Hispalis, and esp. Africa and Mauretania,
within which see Caesarea, Carthage, Cirta, Hippo Regius, and Sicca Veneria).
Abde ̄ra (mod. Avdira; 40 ̊ 57 ’ N, 24 ̊ 59 ’ E): coastal city of Thrake ̄ opposite Thasos,
founded mid-7th c. BCE from Klazomenai, augmented with settlers from Te o ̄s in 544
BCE (H 1.168), allied with Athens in the 5th c. BCE, sacked in 350 BCE (by
Philip II of Macedon) and 170 BCE (by Eumene ̄s II of Pergamon); small thereafter. PECS
3 – 4, D. Lazarides; OCD3 1, J.M.R. Cormack and N.G.L. Hammond; BAGRW 51-D3; BNP
1 (2002) 16 (#1), I. von Bredow.
B, D, D, H, L, P.
Abudos (mod. Mal Tepe near Naara Point; 40 ̊ 12 ’ N, 26 ̊ 23 ’ E): Musian city on the
Hellespont, between Sigeion and Lampsakos, sacked by Philip V of Macedon