The Encyclopedia of Ancient Natural Scientists: The Greek tradition and its many heirs

(Ron) #1

C, E, H, K, K, K, N,


T.


Catina ⇒ Katane ̄


Centuripae (mod. Centuripe; 37 ̊ 37 ’ N, 14 ̊ 44 ’ E): Siculan town east of Agurion and west
of Katane ̄; ruled by Greeks, repeatedly rebelled against Surakousai, and affiliated with
Athens 414 – 413 BCE (T 6.94.3). Allied with Rome 263 BCE against
Carthage, and a ciuitas libera atque immunis from 241 BCE. In C’s time, the richest city
in Sicily, but reduced by civil war; built up by A. PECS 213, P. Deussen; BAGRW
47-F3; BNP 3 (2003) 128, R. Patané.
A C.
Cirta (mod. Constantine; 36 ̊ 22 ’ N, 06 ̊ 37 ’ E): inland western Numidian city on the Ampsaga
river, influenced by Carthage from ca 250 BCE; part of Mauretania 106 – 46 BCE; rewarded
by C and A; made provincial capital ca 120 CE. Destroyed ca 310 CE;
rebuilt and renamed by Constantine; under the Vandals 430– 534 CE. PECS 224 – 225,
P.-A. Février; OCD3 333, W.N. Weech et al.; BAGRW 31-F4; BNP 3 (2003) 364–365, W. Huß
and H.G. Niemeyer.
C F.


Commum ⇒ Nouum Comum


Constantia (Osrhoe ̄ne ̄) (mod. Virans ̧ehir; 37 ̊ 14 ’ N, 39 ̊ 45 ’ E): founded as Antioch by
Nikano ̄r (P 6.117); later variously renamed; located south of Amida and north of
Resˇaina. RE 1.2 (1894) 2445 (#9), S. Fraenkel; BAGRW 89-B3. (Many other places were
also called “Constantia”; cf., e.g., Salamis.)
P (?).


Constantinople ⇒ Buzantion


Corcyra ⇒ Kerkura


Corduba (mod. Córdoba; 37 ̊ 53 ’N, 04 ̊ 46 ’ W): native (Tartessian?) city on the west bank of
the Gualdalquivir river, navigable down to the sea (where Hispalis is found); refounded
under Rome 152 BCE; made a colonia ca 46 BCE; sacked by C 45 BCE, and resettled
with veterans by A. Capital of the province Hispania Baetica, and prosperous from
agriculture and mining; an intellectual center. PECS 239 – 240, J.M. Roldán; OCD3 389,
S.J. Keay; BAGRW 26-F4; BNP 3 (2003) 786–788, P. Barceló.
A L; A S.
Corinth/Korinthos (mod. Corinth; 37 ̊ 56 ’ N, 22 ̊ 56 ’ E): city (with pre-Greek name,
spelled Qorinthos in archaic times) just south of the isthmus between the Corinthian and
Saronic gulfs, at the intersection of major roads, became prosperous ca 725 BCE, and even-
tually the Greek city with the largest area. Allied with Sparta in the 5th c. BCE, and
afterward with Athens or Macedon, becoming the center of the final resistance to
Rome, and thus destroyed in 146 BCE. Refounded by C 44 BCE, rapidly regained
its position as a trade center. Devastated 267 CE by the Heruli, became the ecclesiastical
and administrative center of Greece in the 4th c. CE. PECS 240 – 243, H.S. Robinson;


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