A. Kazhdan; OCD3 816, B. Helly; BAGRW 55-C1; BNP 7 (2005) 251–253 (#3), H. Kramolisch
and E. Wirbelauer; EJ2 12.494, S. Marcus and Y. Kerem.
A, P.
Le ̄mnos (mod. Le ̄mnos; 39 ̊ 55 ’ N, 25 ̊ 15 ’ E): northern Aegean volcanic island, whose
native language resembled Etruscan; conquered by Athens ca 505 BCE (H
6.137–140). The main cities were Murina on the west coast and Hephaistia on the north.
Rome confirmed Athenian hegemony 167 BCE, which endured until ca 200 CE. PECS
496 – 497, J. Boardman; OCD3 842 – 843, E.N. Borza; BAGRW 56-A2; BNP 7 (2005)
382 – 384, H. Kaletsch and E. Meyer.
A, P.
Leontinoi (mod. Lentini; 37 ̊ 17 ’ N, 15 ̊ 00 ’ E): colony of Naxos 729 BCE, in south-
east Sicily, which forcibly expelled the native Sikels. Autonomous until conquered by
Hippokrate ̄s of Gela 495 BCE; prosperous in the 5th c.; allied with Athens 433 – 424 BCE
(and 415 BCE), occupied by Surakousai 422 BCE, which then mostly dominated Leontinoi
until conquest by Rome 215 BCE. PECS 497 – 498, G. Rizza; OCD3 844, A.G. Woodhead
and R.J.A. Wilson; BAGRW 47-G4; BNP 7 (2005) 405–406, S.D. Spina.
G.
Lesbos: large north-eastern Aegean island, colonized nearby mainland Sigeion; dominated
by Persia from 545 BCE. Allied with Athens in the 5th–4th centuries BCE; unsuccessfully
revolted from Athens 428 and 412 BCE, allied with Sparta 405 BCE, but restored to Athenian
rule by 390 BCE. Friendly with Persia until 334 BCE, when taken by Alexander of Macedon.
Member of the island-league centered at De ̄los (q.v.); friendly with Rome beginning 200 BCE
(which destroyed Antissa 167 BCE), allied after 129 BCE. PECS 502 – 503, M. Paraskevaïdis;
OCD3 845, D.G.J. Shipley; BAGRW ca 56-C3; BNP 7 (2005) 429–431, H. Sonnabend.
Sites: Eresos, Me ̄thumna, Mutile ̄ne ̄.
People: S (?).
Libya/Libua: name applied ambiguously and variously to northern Africa west of Egypt
(i.e., approximately the modern nation of Libya plus western Egypt), or the entire north
African coastal zone, or the entire African continent. By Roman convention, it was the
administrative district west of Alexandria to a point west of Kure ̄ne ̄. Ancient sources
emphasize the nomadic lifestyle of the indigenous peoples, but coastal areas supported
Phoenician, Punic, Greek, and Roman settlements with mixed populations. OCD3 855 – 856,
J.M. Reynolds; BNP 7 (2005) 515–516, K. Zimmermann.
Sites: Kure ̄ne ̄.
People: F, K, T (?).
Lindos (mod. Lindos; 36 ̊ 05 ’ N, 28 ̊ 05 ’ E): on Rhodes island, allied with Athens in the
5th c. BCE until 411; autonomous until creation of federal Rhodian state 408/7 BCE. PECS
756 – 757, R.E. Wycherley; OCD3 862 – 863, E.E. Rice; BAGRW 60-G3; BNP 7 (2005) 609–612,
H. Sonnabend.
K (?), P.
Lokroi Epizephurioi (mod. Locri; 38 ̊ 14 ’ N, 16 ̊ 16 ’ E): coastal city in south Italy founded
in the early 7th c. BCE by colonists from Lokris. Notable for an early written legal code and
its restrictive hereditary oligarchy. Allied with Surakousai against Rhe ̄gion and Athens in
the 5th c. BCE; captured by Scipio Africanus for Rome 205 BCE. PECS 523 – 524, F.P. Badoni;
OCD3 879, H.K. Lomas; BAGRW 46-D5; BNP 7 (2005) 774–778, D. Musti and L.D. Morenz.
P.
% Lokris: two regions of Greece (“West,” on north coast of Gulf of Corinth, and “East,”
GAZETTEER