across the mountains and facing Euboia). East Lokris was federal in the 5th c. BCE, capital
at Opous and allied with Sparta; later often dominated by Macedon, autonomous again
after 167 BCE. West Locris was also federal, by the 4th c. BCE, more loosely organized.
OCD3 879 – 880, J. Buckler; BNP 7 (2005) 769–774, G. Daverio Rocchi.
Sites: Amphissa (West Lokris), Opous (East Lokris).
People: T (?).
Lucania: in south Italy, north of Bruttium, west of Apulia, and south of Campania;
allied with Rome 326 – 317 BCE; subjugated by Rome 298 BCE; in revolt against Rome
and allied with P 281 – 272 BCE; from 206 BCE thoroughly under Rome. OCD3
886, H.K. Lomas; BNP 7 (2005) 826–828, M. Lombardo.
Sites: Elea, Metapontion, Poseido ̄nia, Subaris.
People: A, O.
Ludia/Lydia: independent kingdom on the west coast of Anatolia, subjected to Persia 546
BCE, then to Alexander of Macedon 334 BCE (some coastal cities excepted); under the
Seleukids until 189 BCE; under Pergamon until 133 BCE; under Rome as part of the pro-
vince of Asia. Reconstituted as a province in its own right by Diocletian 297 CE, capital
Sarde ̄s; devastated by Goths 399 CE. OCD3 898, W.M. Calder et al.; BNP 8 (2006) 2–11, H.
Kaletsch.
Sites: Daldis, Ephesos, Magnesia (2), Mile ̄tos, Philadelpheia, Sarde ̄s,
Smurna, Tralleis.
People: P, P.
Lugdunum (mod. Lyon; 45 ̊ 46 ’ N, 04 ̊ 50 ’ E): at the confluence of the Saône and Rhône,
on the common border of the three parts of Gaul (cf. C, BG 1.1.1), founded as a
colonia of Rome on the site of a Gallic hill-fort, in 43 BCE.; its site made it the prosperous
hub of A’s road system. In 15 BCE it became an imperial mint; in 12 BCE the seat
of the provincial concilium; damaged by a fire in 66 CE; early Christian site. PECS 528 – 531,
M. Leglay; OCD3 891 – 892, A.L.F. Rivet and J.F. Drinkwater; BAGRW 17-D2; BNP 7 (2005)
876 – 878, Y. Lafond and M. Leglay.
A.
Lukaia (unlocated): town in north-west Arkadia (i.e., not far from Megalopolis and west of
Stumphalos); resisted its incorporation into Megalopolis, and continued to exist in some
form. Paus. 8.27.4–5; RE 13.2 (1927) 2229–2231 (#1), Ernst Meyer.
A.
Lukia/Lycia: mountainous region of south-west Anatolia, around the Xanthos river and
the homonymous city (mod. Kınık); taken by Persia 546 BCE, then under Mausso ̄llos and
Alexander of Macedon; Ptolemaic ca 300 – 197 BCE, when taken by Antiokhos III; under
Rhodes 189 – 169 BCE. Autonomous or dominated by Rome until made a province in
43 CE (joined with Pamphylia from 74 CE); prosperous region under Rome. Separated from
Pamphylia by Constantine; prosperous in the late 6th c. ODB 1257 – 1258, C.F.W. Foss; OCD3
894 – 895, St. Mitchell; BNP 7 (2005) 916–920, M. Zimmermann.
Sites: Indos, Oinoanda, Patara, Phaselis, Tlo ̄s.
People: C, D, P.
Lydia ⇒ Ludia
Macedon: mountainous region between the Balkans and Greece, sloping down to the sea
near Khalkidike ̄, between Thessalia and Thrake ̄, a nexus of important land-routes.
GAZETTEER