48 Richard Fox Young, Resistant Hinduism(Vienna: E. J. Brill, 1981), pp. 25ff.
49 Ibid.: 49ff.
50 S. J. Samartha, The Hindu Response to the Unbound Christ(Madras: Christian
Literature Society, 1974), pp. 128ff.
51 Geoff Oddie, “Anti-Missionary Feeling and Hindu Revivalism in Madras. The
Hindu Preaching and Tract Societies, c. 1886–1891” in F. W. Clothey, ed., Images
of Man: Religion and Historical Process in South Asia (Madras: New Era
Publications, 1982), pp. 217ff.
52 Samartha, op. cit., pp. 49ff.
53 There are many books on Gandhi, but a concise summary of his life and work
can be found in Hay, 1988, pp. 248–74.
54 These are Hay’s terms, 1988, p. 227.
55 Hay, 1988, p. 227, citing Tagore’s Gita ̄ñjalı ̄, translation in A. Chakravarty, A
Tagore Reader(Boston: Beacon Press, 1961), p. 300.
56 Hay, 1988, p. 155, citing Aurobindo, Letters on Yoga, in Sri Aurobindo Birth
Centenary Library. Vol. 24, p. 57.
57 Once again, Hay, 1988, pp. 288–95, provides a succinct discussion of Savarkar’s
life and works. I am indebted to Hay’s reader for these brief encapsulations.
9 Religion in Contemporary India
1 Stephen N. Hay, ed., Sources of Indian Tradition. Vol. 2 (New York: Columbia
University Press, 1988), pp. 380ff.
2 These statistics are drawn from Stanley Wolpert, A New History of India(New
York: Oxford University Press, 2000), pp. 351ff., as is much of this discussion on
independent India’s early years.
3 Ibid.: 368.
4 F. Nietzsche, The Birth of Tragedy(New York: Gordon Press, 1974).
5 R. Bellah, Beyond Belief(New York: Harper & Row, 1970), pp. 64ff.
6 S. N. Bhardwaj, Hindu Places of Pilgrimage in India(Berkeley: University of
California Press, 1983), pp. 97ff.
7 For much of this discussion, I am indebted to L. P. Vidyarthi (with M. Jha and
B. N. Saraswati) The Sacred Complex of Kashi(Delhi: Concept Publishing Co.,
1979). See also D. Eck, Banares: City of Light(New York: Columbia University
Press, 1998).
8 Ibid.: 39.
9 Ibid.: 319.
10 This discussion is based on the author’s own research. See especially Clothey,
Rhythm and Intent(Madras: Blackie and Son, 1982), pp. 20ff.
11 This discussion is based on the author’s own research. For added details see
especially Clothey, “S ́a ̄sta ̄-Aiyan ̄ar-Ayyapan ̄: The God as Prism of Social History”
in Clothey, ed., Images of Man: Religion and Historical Process in South Asia
(Madras: New Era Publications, 1982), pp. 34ff.
12 This discussion is based on the author’s own research and from conversations
with R. Nagarajan and A. Anand of the Centre for Folk Culture Studies at the
University of Hyderabad.
13 Padmanabha Jaini, The Jaina Path of Purification (Berkeley: University of
California Press, 1979), pp. 193–94, 203ff.
Notes 271