Encyclopedia of Society and Culture in the Ancient World

(Sean Pound) #1
Index 1239

employment and labor 431
metallurgy 681
occupations 817, 818
science 923
Art of War, Th e (Sun Tzu)
military 737–738
war and conquest 1138
Arverni 220, 221
Āryabhata 935
Aryan people
exploration 440
hunting, fi shing, and gath-
ering 577
migration and population
movements 705
military 728
nomadic and pastoral soci-
eties 791, 792
religion and cosmology
846
social organization 1023
Asante people 297
Asclepiades of Bithynia 554
Asclepios 552
ashipu 548–549
Ashur 213
Ashurbanipal II (king of As-
syria)
children 192
cities 213
empires and dynasties
398–399
foreigners and barbarians
485
literature 647, 649
war and conquest 1125
Ashur-dan II (king of As-
syria) 399
Ashurnasirpal II (king of As-
syria)
art 100
food and diet 476
sports and recreation 1051
Asia and the Pacifi c. See also
Southeast Asia
adornment 8–9, 8f
agriculture 29–33, 31f,
50–51
architecture 65–69, 66f
art 100–105, 101f
astronomy 127–129, 128f
borders and frontiers
14 4 –145
building techniques and
materials 155–157
calendars and clocks
167–169
ceramics and pottery
179–181, 180f
children 192–193, 199
cities 214–218, 215f
climate and geography
247–252, 270–271
clothing and footwear
277–278
craft s 289–291, 290f

crime and punishment
300–301, 306–307
death and burial practices
316 –317, 316f, 325–326
drama and theater 332–
333, 332f
economy 355–359, 355f
education 380–381, 381f
empires and dynasties
401–406, 404m
employment and labor
428–430, 429f
exploration 440–441,
440 f
family 451–452, 460
festivals 466
food and diet 476–477
foreigners and barbarians
486–487
gender structures and roles
497–498, 505–506
government organization
519–524
health and disease 549–
550, 557–558
household goods 564–565
hunting, fi shing, and gath-
ering 576–577
illumination 587–588
inventions 598–599, 599f
language 613–615
laws and legal codes
625–626
literature 649–653,
671–672
metallurgy 681–682
migration and population
movements 702–707
military 730–731, 737–738
mining, quarrying, and
salt making 745–746
money and coinage
756–758
music and musical instru-
ments 766–768
natural disasters 778–779
numbers and counting
801–802
occupations 811–813
pandemics and epidemics
823–824
religion and cosmology
844–849, 868
resistance and dissent
873–876
roads and bridges 886–887
sacred sites 901–902
scandals and corruption
912–914
science 932–935
seafaring and navigation
955–956
settlement patterns
967–968
ships and shipbuilding
978–979

slaves and slavery 988–
990, 996–997
social collapse and aban-
donment 1002–1004
social organization 1023–
1027, 1045–1046
sports and recreation
1051–1052
storage and preservation
1065–1066
textiles and needlework
1078–1079
towns and villages 1089–
1090
trade and exchange 1100–
1101
t ra nspor tat ion 1115 –1116
war and conquest 1136–
114 0
weaponry and armor
1165 –1166
weights and measures
1176 –1177
writing 1187–1188
Asklepios 905
Asoka (king of India)
architecture 68
art 101, 102
building techniques and
materials 155
empires and dynasties 402
exploration 440
government organization
523
health and disease 549
numbers and counting
802
religion and cosmology
847
resistance and dissent 869,
875
sacred sites 902
war and conquest 1139
writing 1188
Aspasia 501
Aspelta (king of Kush)
empires and dynasties 391,
422–423
scandals and corruption
910
assemblies
government organization
514–516, 528–532
social organization 1020
Assura, Code of 305–306
Assyria
architecture 63–64
art 99–100
children 191
cities 213
clothing and footwear 276,
277
economy 353
food and diet 475–476
foreigners and barbarians
485

government organization
517–518
metallurgy 678
migration and population
movements 699
military 728
numbers and counting 801
roads and bridges 886
science 930
trade and exchange 1099
war and conquest 1124–
1125, 1130
weaponry and armor 1161
Assyrian Empire 179
astragali 1051
astral divination 127
astrology
astronomy 132
religion and cosmology
857
science 939, 945
astronomy 123–138
Africa 124
Americas 133–134
Asia and the Pacifi c 127–
129, 128f
calendars and clocks 164,
167
Egypt 124–126, 125f
Europe 129–130
Greece 130–132, 136–137
Middle East 126–127, 126f,
13 5– 136
Rome 132–133, 137
science 925, 930, 932,
935, 937–939, 944–945,
948–949
asû 548, 549
Aswān High Dam 240
Atapuerca 360
Athena
craft s 292
festivals 468
Athena Parthenos 112
Athens
calendars and clocks 167,
170–171
children 195
cities 223, 225
death and burial practices
319–320
economy 363–366
education 383
empires and dynasties
411–413
employment and labor 432
family 454–456
festivals 468
foreigners and barbarians
489
gender structures and roles
501
government organization
528
illumination 590
laws and legal codes 628

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