Encyclopedia of Society and Culture in the Ancient World

(Sean Pound) #1
1240 Index

Athens (continued)
migration and population
movements 711, 714
military 734
pandemics and epidem-
ics 827
resistance and dissent 877,
878
scandals and corruption
916
slaves and slavery 991, 992
social collapse and aban-
donment 1006
social organization 1031–
1035
towns and villages 1092–
1093
trade and exchange 1103,
1105
war and conquest 1145,
1147–1148
weights and measures
1179, 1180
athletic competitions. See also
Olympic Games
education 382–383
sacred sites 904
sports and recreation
1048, 1051, 1054
athletic festivals 853
atimia 365
Atlas Mountains 898
atlatl
war and conquest 1154
weaponry and armor 1171
Atrahasis epic
literature 648–649
religion and cosmology 842
atrium 81
Attica
climate and geography 259
towns and villages 1092
Attic standard 759
augurs (augures)
religion and cosmology
859–860
sacred sites 905
Augustan Age
language 619
literature 663
Augustine of Hippo, Saint
education 377
literature 642–643,
667–668
Augustus Caesar (emperor of
Rome)
agriculture 41
borders and frontiers 139,
147
building techniques and
materials 161
cities 227
climate and geography 262
drama and theater 336
economy 370
family 456

literature 663
military 735
money and coinage 760
religion and cosmology
861
scandals and corruption
917
aula (olla) 184
Aulnat, France 220, 221
aulos 769, 770
Australia
agriculture 33
art 104
climate and geography
251–252
government organization
523–524
literature 653
migration and population
movements 707
music and musical instru-
ments 768
natural disasters 778
nomadic and pastoral soci-
eties 791
sacred sites 901
weaponry and armor 1166
writing 1187
Australopithecines 187
Austronesian language fam-
ily 615
auxiliaries 735
Avenue of the Dead
architecture 83
cities 231, 232
axes (tool)
climate and geography 254
economy 361
inventions 593f
weaponry and armor 1161,
1163, 116 4
axis mundi
education 386
festivals 470
axones 628
Axum, kingdom of
architecture 53–54
art 91
building techniques and
materials 152
ceramics and pottery 175
cities 204–205
death and burial practices
313
economy 345
education 377
empires and dynasties 391
employment and labor 426
government organization
510
household goods 562
illumination 584
migration and population
movements 692
military 726
money and coinage 753

religion and cosmology
835–836
sacred sites 898
seafaring and navigation
953
social organization 1013
trade and exchange 1096
war and conquest 1125–
1126
writing 1184
Ayers Rock. See Uluru
Aylesford Bucket 566
Ayurvedic medicine 1176
azimuth 948–949
Aztecs 1182

B
Baal/Hadad’s myth 843
babalawo 925
Babylon
art 99
borders and frontiers 143f
cities 214
clothing and footwear 276
empires and dynasties
397–398
health and disease 548–
549
numbers and counting
800–801
sacred sites 900
science 929, 930
writing 1186f
Babylonian captivity
migration and population
movements 700
religion and cosmology
843, 844
Bacchanalia 470
Bafour people 691
bagpipes 772
bagua 66
Bahamas 266
Baharīya Oasis 242
Baka people 788
bakeries 816
balances 1179
balaneia 224
baldness 13
bale 1182
Balearic slingers 814
Balkans
nomadic and pastoral soci-
eties 794
towns and villages 1091
ball games 1057
ba lls 1047, 1049, 1056, 1057
bamboo 156
Ban Chiang settlement
agriculture 32
cities 218
food and diet 477
bands (social units)
nomadic and pastoral soci-
eties 794

social organization 1027,
1039–1040
banishment 297. See also exile
banks and banking
economy 354, 357, 366
money and coinage 760
occupations 815
Banpos culture 180
Bantu language 388
Bantu people
agriculture 18
ceramics and pottery 176
clothing and footwear 273
craft s 285
employment and labor
426
food and diet 473
government organization
511
household goods 561
illumination 584
language 609
migration and population
movements 690, 692–693
social organization 1013
storage and preservation
1063
war and conquest 1126
Ban Zhao 505–506
baobab tree 328
bar-and-dot counting system
806
barbarian monarchies 525–
526
barbers 816
Barcid family 390
bards
drama and theater 333
literature 653–655
social organization 1028–
1029
ba rges 1112
bark cloth dress 1074f
Bar Kokhba 486
barley 21, 25, 38, 41
barter
economy 342–344, 348,
355
employment and labor 425
money and coinage 751–
752, 756
social organization 1016
basalt
architecture 82–83
mining, quarrying, and
salt making 742, 750
base 10 number system
numbers and counting
799
science 928
base 20 number system 806
base 60 number system
numbers and counting
800–801
science 929
basileis 527

1235-1286_SocCultAnctWrld-v4_idx1240 1240 10/10/07 3:32:21 PM

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