Motivation, Emotion, and Cognition : Integrative Perspectives On Intellectual Functioning and Development

TABLE 10.1(Continued)

Alexander,Kulikowich, &

Schulze (1994)

Alexander, Jetton,

& Kulikowich

(1995)

Alexander, Murphy,Woods, Duhon, &

Parker (1997)

Alexander &

Murphy (1998)

Murphy &

Alexander (2002)

Alexander, Sperl,Buehl, Fives, &

Chiu (2002)

Analyses

MANOVA; Re-

gression

MANOVA; Cluster

analysis

MANOVA; SEM

Cluster analysis

MANOVA;

Path

analyses

MANOVA; Cluster

analysis

Findings

Domain knowledge

predicted stu-dents’ recall andinterest; Rela-tions betweendomain knowl-edge, interest,and recall grewstronger acrossperformancegroups

Exp. 1: Three dis-

tinct clustersvarying byknowledge, inter-est, and recall

Exp. 2: Four clus-

ters ranging fromhigh knowledge,interest, and re-call to low on allvariables

Significant in-

creases in knowl-edge and interestover time anddecreased use oftext-based (sur-face-level) strate-gies; expected re-lations betweenand amongmodel factors

Three distinct clus-

ters formed atpretest and fourclusters wereidentified atposttest. Charac-teristics of clus-ters confirmedstrongly tomodel predic-tions.

Path analyses

showed thatposttest subject-matter knowl-edge was directlyand indirectlypredicted by pre-test knowledge,surface- anddeep-level strate-gies, interactiveknowledge, andpretest interest

Four clusters

emerged with thecharacteristics ofacclimation, mid-competence,high-competence,and proficiency.

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