276 INDEX
Riyadh, capture of, 75
Robeck, Vice Admiral, 129
Roberts, Lord F. S., 156–57
Roderick, King in Spain, 81–82, 143
Romanus Diogenus, Emperor, 37, 92
Rukn ad-Din, Assassin, 239
Rum Empire, 92–93
Rupen, Armenian leader, 136
Russia, territorial ambitions of, 117, 118,
120, 157, 193
Russo-Turkish War, 78
Rustem, 21, 23–24, 35
Saad ibn abi Waqqas, 23
Sadat, Anwar, President of Egypt, 182
Sagrajas, Battle of, 85
Saladin: and the Assassins, 238; battles
of, 44–47, 49; legacy of, 173; and the
Mamluks, 63; reign of, 79; training of,
42
Salaman Farsi, Hazrat, 9, 13
Salim, Mamdouh Mahmud, 250–51
Sambhaji, 59
Sanco, count of Castile, 84
Sanders, General Liman von, 110,
129–30, 174
sandstorms in battle, 24, 29–30
Santiago of Compostela, shrine of, 84
SaÛud, House of, 75–76
Saudi Arabia, 197, 198–99, 245–46, 247
Schilder-Schuldner, General, 125
Schuyler, Eugene, 124
Scud missiles, 192
Scutari, surrender of, 127
sea power: Byzantine, 16; decline in
Muslim, 150–51; galleys, importance
of, 141–42; in the Great Conquest,
142; Greek, 76–77; importance of, 65,
69, 98, 138, 257; for moving toops,
25; use of, 100, 141–42
Second Aqaba, 209
Selim I, “Selim the Grim,” 69, 102–3,
107
Selim II, “the Sot,” 105, 107
Selim III, Sublime Porte, 74–75, 111
Seljuq Empire, 91–92
September 11, 2001, 139 n.1, 200,
251–52.See alsoterrorism
Seymour, Admiral F.B.P., 158
Shahub-ad-din (Muhammad Ghori),
55–56
Shakur, General I Yusuf, 184
ShariÛa (Islamic Law), 217
Shatt al Arab, 188–89, 192
Shawar, Caliph, 44, 45
Shaykan, Battle of, 161–62
Shaykh al-Din, 168
el Shazli, General Said, 184
Shiraz (inventor), 58
Shirkuh, Emir, 43, 44, 45
Shurahbil ibn Hasana, 26
Sibay, Emir, Viceroy of Damascus, 69
Sicily, control over, 143, 151
siege artillery, 11, 13
Sigismund, King of Hungary, 97
Simancas, Battle of, 84
Sinan, Sheikh, 238–39
Sind, conquest of, 54
Singh, Major General Lachhman, 187
Sinope, Battle of, 122, 150–51, 152
Siros, King of Persia, 17–18
Sivaji, 59
Slave Dynasty, 56, 61
slave trade: economic value of, 221; in
India, 225; Mediterranean, 145;
Muslim, 214; in Sudan, 160
Sobieski, Jan, 114–15
Soviet Union, in Afghanistan, 193–97
Spain: reconquest of, 83–87; resistance
in, 87–88; subjugation of, 82
spoils of war, 223–24.See alsoloot and
looting
St. Angleo, attack on, 147
St. Elmo, attack on, 147
St. Gotthart, Battle at, 114
St. Michael, attack on, 148
St. Paul’s Bay, Battle of, 148
Subaktagin, Emir of Ghazni, 54, 61