522 Notes to pp. 162–169
103 Margarete Karplus to Benjamin, 24 September 1933, in Geret Luhr, ‘Was
noch begraben lag’: Zu Walter Benjamins Exil: Briefe und Dokumente,
p. 87f.
104 Benjamin and Adorno, The Complete Correspondence 1928–1940, p. 24.
105 Adorno, Der Schatz des Indianer-Joe, p. 28f.
106 Ibid., p. 33. Cf. Adorno, Minima Moralia, p. 199f.
107 See Benjamin and Adorno, The Complete Correspondence 1928–1940,
p. 10 and p. 12n. Adorno planned a theory of beggars but never wrote it.
The beginnings of one can be seen in chapter 9 of the Versuch über
Wagner of 1939: ‘The threatening image of the beggar contains that of the
rebel: by adopting the stance of the petitioner he has found himself
a bourgeois home in Bohemian circles.’ According to Adorno, the image
of the beggar merges with that of God, because, like God, the beggar who
has been dispossessed ‘once had the opportunity to change the world and
lost it. In the second place,... the rebel who appears as God goes over to
the side of authority, and acts as the representative of the world that he
ought to have changed’ (In Search of Wagner, p. 135f).
108 Adorno, Der Schatz des Indianer-Joe, p. 58.
109 Ibid., p. 57.
110 Benjamin and Adorno, The Complete Correspondence 1928–1940, p. 26.
111 This novel deals with a group of seven children growing up in great freedom
in Jamaica. On their journey home to England they are captured by pirates.
During the long, adventurous journey on the pirates’ schooner, a mutual
respect gradually develops between the children and the pirates. After
their rescue, the children smoothly adjust to being back to ordinary life in
London, where they are feted, while the pirates are captured, put on trial
and sentenced. What seems to have fascinated Adorno, apart from the
unusual and exciting events of the story, are comments by Hughes:
‘Of course, it is not really so cut and dried as all this; but often the only
way of attempting to express the truth is to build it up, like a card house,
of a pack of lies’ (Richard Hughes, A High Wind in Jamaica, Leipzig,
1931, p. 155). The book originally appeared in 1929, followed by a Ger-
man translation in 1931.
112 Adorno and Krenek, Briefwechsel, p. 56f.
113 The manuscript, in Adorno’s own hand, is preserved in the Theodor W.
Adorno Archive, Frankfurt am Main, KO, 213–4. For the printed version
of the score, see Kompositionen, vol. 2, p. 69ff.
114 For a description and comment on the serial form, see Martin Hufner,
Adorno und die Zwölftontechnik, p. 91. The two completed songs were
performed in 1988 in the Alte Oper in Frankfurt, where they were recorded
(Wergo 6173–2).
Part III A Twofold Exile1 Adorno, ‘Heine the Wound’, Notes to Literature, vol. 1, p. 85.
2 The concentration camps harshly highlighted the criminal nature of the
regime. The first camps were established in March and April 1933, as, for
example, in Oranienburg near Berlin and Dachau near Munich. In the
following months around seventy camps were set up. With the SA or SS