PDR for Herbal Medicines

HERBAL MONOGRAPHS

Chowdhury BK et al., (1976) Phytochemistry 15:1803.

Kamdem DP et al., Chemical composition of essential oil from

the root bark of Sassafras albidum. In: PM 61(6):574-575.

1995.

Kampen KR van, Sudan grass and sorghum poisoning of horse:

a possible lathyrogenic disease. In: J Am Vet Medic Assoc

156. 629-630. 1970.
     Miller EC et al., (1983) Cancer Res 43:1124.
     Segelman AB et al., (1976) J Am Med Ass 236:477.
     Sethi ML et al.. (1976) Phytochemistry 15:1773.
     Further information in:
     Frohne D. Pfiinder HJ. Giftpflanzen - Ein Handbuch fur
     Apotheker. Toxikologen und Biologen, 4. Aufl., Wiss. Verlags-
     Ges. Stuttgart 1997.
     Hansel R. Keller K. Rimpler H. Schneider G (Hrsg.). Hagers
     Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, 5. Aufl., Bde 4-6
     (Drogen). Springer Verlag Berlin. Heidelberg, New York, 1992-


157. 
     

     Lewin L. Gifte und Vergiftungen. 6. Aufl.,. Nachdruck. Haug
     Verlag. Heidelberg 1992.
     Madaus G. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Arzneimittel, Bde 1-3,
     Nachdruck, Georg Olms Verlag Hildesheim 1979.
     Roth L. Daunderer M. Kormann K. Giftpflanzen, Pflanzengifte,

     
     


158. Aufl.. Eeomed Fachverlag Landsberg Lech 1993.
     Steinegger E. Hansel R, Pharmakognosie, 5. Aufl., Springer
     Verlag Heidelberg 1992.
     Teuscher E. Lindequist U, Biogene Gifte - Biologie, Chemie,
     Pharmakologie, 2. Aufl., Fischer Verlag Stuttgart 1994.
     Wichtl M (Hrsg.), Teedrogen. 4. Aufl., Wiss. Verlagsges.
     Stuttgart 1997.

Sassafras albidum

See Sassafras

Satureja hortensis

See Summer Savory

Saussurea costus

See Costus

SAVIN TOPS /663

Savin Tops

Juniperus sabina

DESCRIPTION

Medicinal Paris: The medicinal parts are the essential oil of

the leaves and branch tips; the dried leafy branch tips; the

fresh, youngest non-woody branch tips with leaves; and the

branches and leaves.

Flower and Fruit: The male and female flowers are at the

end of the twigs, which are covered in leaf-scales. The male

flowers are up to 2 mm wide and oblong to ovate. The

female flowering branch bears the flowers erect when in

bloom, later curved inward. The flowers have 4 carpels,

which develop into pea-sized berry-cones with 4 ovate seeds.

The seeds are ovate and striped with numerous edges.

Leaves, Stem and Root: It is generally a 4.5 m high,

dioecious, evergreen shrub with either an erect trunk, an

irregular crown or numerous low-lying branches with erect

tips. The bark of the young branches are light brown, of

more mature branches red-brown and peeling. The young

plants up to 10 years have only needle-like 4 mm long, blue-

green leaves whose tips stand out. -Mature plants have -

triangular, scale-like, imbricate leaves.

Habitat: Found in southern and central Europe, the Caucasus

and the southern mountains of Asian Russia, as well as in the

northern U.S.

Production: Savin Tops is the young shoots and twig tips of

Juniperus sabina.

Other Names: Savin, Savine

ACTIONS AND PHARMACOLOGY

COMPOUNDS

Volatile oil (3-5%): chief components sabinyl acetate,

sabinene, further including among others beta-myrcene,

terpin-4-ol, gamma-terpinene, alpha-pinene, limonene

Lignans: including among others deoxypodorhizone, deoxy-

podophyllotoxin, junaphtoinsaure, deoxypicropodophyllo-

toxin, and dehydropodophyllotoxin

Hydroxycoumarins: including among others cumarsabine, 8-

methoxycumarsabine, siderin, 4-methoxy-5-methylcouma-

rin- propiophenone

Propiophenone derivatives: including among others 2-hy-

droxy-3,4-dimethoxy-6-methyl-propiophenone

EFFECTS

The drug is hyperemic both internally and externally, and is

a strong irritant to the skin and mucous membrane.

Lignans are also said to have antineoplastic and antiviral

properties: The main substance is 3 to 5% essential oil with