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CITRONELLA OIL (CEYLON

AND JAVA)

Source: Cymbopogon nardus(L.) Rendle

(syn.Andropogon nardusL.);C. winter-

ianusJowitt and their varieties (Family

Poaceae).

Common/vernacular names:Ceylon Lenaba-

tu citronella oil (C. nardus); Java or Maha

Pengiri citronella oil (C. winterianus).

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

Cymbopogon nardus(citronella) andC. win-

terianus(Java citronella) are both perennial

grasses. The former is extensively cultivated

in southern Sri Lanka, while the latter is

widely cultivated in many parts of the tropical

world (e.g., Java, Taiwan, Hainan Island,

Indonesia, India, Nepal, Africa, Vietnam,

Guatemala, Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina).

The essential oils are obtained by steam

distillation of the fresh, partly dried, or dried

grass.TheJava-typeoilisgenerallyconsidered

to be of superior quality to the Ceylon oil.^1

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

Both Ceylon and Java citronella oils contain

citronellal, citronellol, and geraniol and as

the major components, with the Java type

Citronella oil (ceylon and java) 201