Dacrydium franklinii, 175
Daffodil, 43
Damping off, 218
Dandelion (Taraxacum), 105
Dasheen, 229
DDT, 231
Dead nettle, 309
Deciduous plant, 94, 162
Defense, 75, 97, 214
Deficiensmutant, 102
Delphiniun nelsonii,larkspur, 185
Derivatives, of cambium, 24
Dermatogen, 65
Desert, 162–3, 172, 175
Determination, 65
Development, 63–6, 97
Diacylglycerol (DAG), 82
Diatom, 260, 261
Dicot (dicotyledon), 50, 258, 312
primitive, 258, 312
Differentiation, 65–6, 250
Digitalis purpurea, 159, 237
Digitoxin, 237
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate,
150
Dimorphotheca pluvialis, seeds, 191
Dinitrogenase, 208
Dinoflagellate, 260, 261
Dioecy (-ious), 42, 103, 104, 106,
184, 257
Dionaea, 224, 225
Disease, in plants, 169, 178–9, 218
Dispersal of fruits/seeds, 53–4,
164, 189
Diversity, 169, 182, 316
DNA, 60, 198, 254–5, 308
cDNA library, 60
Dodder, 221
Dodo, 190
Dormancy, 54, 74, 112, 175, 189,
190–1
Double flowers, 240
Downy mildew, 218
Droseraceae, 224
Drosophila melanogaster, 55
Drugs, 239
Dry-rot fungus, 233
Duckweed, 311
Dyes, 239
Ecotype, 196–7, 315
Eel-grass (Zostera), 163
Eichhornia crassipes, in
bioremediation, 244
Elaeis guineensis, 239
Elaioplast, 9
Elater, 271, 282, 283
Electophoresis, 197
Electrochemical gradient, 14, 125
Electron acceptor, 136–7
flow, non-cyclic, 139
transport, 151
Elephant, 212
Elicitor, 97, 215
Elm, 179
Elongation growth, 68, 71
zone, 27
Embolism, 118
Embryo, 50–1, 65, 250, 300
culture, 248
sac, 44, 47, 48, 259, 292, 307
Embryogenesis, 65, 250
Endodermis, 28, 39, 130
Endomembrane system, 4
Endophyte, fungal, 215
Endoplasmic reticulum, 4, 12
Endoreduplication, 20
Endosperm 47, 48, 50, 312
Endosymbiont theory, 10
Ephedra, 258, 304
Ephemeral plants, 175, 177, 190,
212
Epidermis, 25, 31–2, 38
Epigeal, 194
Epinasty, 71, 91
Epiphyll, 267
Epiphyte, 172–3, 265, 267, 290
Equisetopsida, 258, 274, 277
Equisetum,281–3, 282
Ergot, 216
Ericaceae,seeheather
Erythroxylum coca, 159
Ethnobotany, 236
Ethylene, 71–2, 80
effects, 71, 77–8, 80, 95
Ethylmethanesulfonate, 58
Etiolation, 83, 86
Etioplast, 9, 113
Eucalyptus, 49, 192, 234
Euglena, 260, 261
Euphorbia, 122, 211
Euphorbiaceae, 147
Eusporangium, 285, 286, 292
Exine, 46
Exon, 16
Expansin, 79
Extensor, 92
Exuviaella, 261Fagus sylvatica, 233
Fe protein, 208
Fern, 1, 171–3, 222, 240, 258–9, 274,
277,284–90, 292–3
seed,seepteridosperms
Fertile crescent, 228–9
Fertilization, description of, 48,
300, 305, 307
Fertilizer, 231
Fiber, 25, 234
Fig (Ficus), 52, 173, 311
Fig wasp, 311
Fire, in plant ecology, 164, 297
Fixgenes, 208
Flavonoid, 43
Flax (linseed), 228, 234
Flexor, 92
Flies, as pollinators, 184, 199,
308–10
Floral development, 101–2
Floret, disc and ray, 310Flower, description of, 41–45,
104–5, 307–8, 310
Forget-me-not, 47
Fossil plants, 273–7, 280–3, 290, 307
Founder effect, 200
Foxglove, 159, 237
Frankincense, 239
Fructose, 44
Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, 150
Fruit, 49, 52–4, 71–2, 188–9, 292,
312
Fruit set, 184
Frullania, 265
Fucus, 55, 259, 262
Fumarase, 151
Funaria hygrometrica, 55
Fungi, 1, 201–5, 213–5, 268, 302, see
alsomycorrhizaGall, 210
Gametophyte, 201, 257, see also
each plant group
Gaps, in vegetation, 169, 193–5,
194
Gelidium, 261
Gemmae, 265–6
Genes, 16
defense, 214
development, 106
flowering, homeotic 102
in plant populations, 186,
198–200, 315
selectable marker, 60, 254
study of regulation 58–61
Genetic engineering, 253–6
and plant disease, 218
in bioremediation, 243
in plant breeding, 246
Genome size, 55
Genomic library, 60
Germination, 51, 112–3, 189, 193–4
GFP,seeGreen fluorescent protein
Gibberella fujikuroi, 72
Gibberellic acid, response
complex/element (GARC/E),
79, 112
Gibberellins, 72–3, 112–3
Ginger, 230
Ginkgo(Ginkgoales), 239, 258, 274,
295, 303
Glaciation, 165–6, 170
Global warming, 181
β-glucuronidase (GUS), 61
Glue, 239
Glutamine synthase/glutamate
synthase, 133
Glutathione, 133
Glyceraldehyde 3–phosphate, 150
Glycerolipid, 156
Glycine,seesoya bean
Glycolysis, 150
Glycophyte, 99–100
Glycoprotein, 110
Glycosylation, 13
Glyoxysome, 4Index 327