Gnetales, 258, 274, 292, 295, 304 ,
307
Gnetum, 258, 304
Golgi apparatus, 4, 7, 14
Gondwana, 165
Goosefoot family, 202, 204
Gossypium, 234–5
Graft, 240
Grana, 10
Grape, 230–1
Grass, 47, 50–4, 108–9, 173, 184,
191, 310, 313
Grassland, 162, 172–3, 211–2
Gravireceptor, 87
Gravitropism, 71, 87–90
Green fluorescent protein, 61
Groundnut, 221
Growth, and development, 64–6
diffuse secondary, 34
in tissue culture, 249
primary, 24
secondary, 24, 34
GS-GOGAT,seeglutamine
synthase
Guard cell, 38, 122–3
Gymnosperm, 292, 308, 311
Habituation, 50
Halophyte, 99–100, 134
Hartig net, 202
Hartstongue, 288
Hatch/Slack pathway, 145
Haumaniastrum katangens, 243
Haustorium, 220, 221
Hay fever, 47, 184
Hazel, 309
Heather, 188, 202, 221, 309
Heathland, 164, 172, 205
Hedera helix, 72
Hedyosmum, 308
Heliconiusbutterfly, 210
Hemicellulose, 16
Hemiparasites, 219–21
Hemp, 234
Henna, 239
Herbicide, herbicide tolerance, 70,
169, 178, 186, 194–5, 231, 254,
Herbivores, herbivory, 93, 97,195,
209–12
Herbs, culinary, 230
Hermaphrodite, 41, 103–7, 257
Heterokont, 218
Heterospory, 275, 280, 286, 289,
291–3
Hevea brasiliense, 159, 211, 238
Histone, 16
Homospory, 275, 280, 286
Honey, 45
Hordeum vulgare, 99, 112
Hormone, 50, 68–75, 106
action, 76–80
Hornwort, 258, 265, 266 , 271–2
Horsetail, 201, 222, 258–9, 281–3,
282
Horticulture, 240–1
Hurricanes, in plant distribution,
164
Hyaline cell, 267
Hybrid, 228, 240, 315–6
Hybrid vigor, 199, 246
Hydrophyte, 122
Hydrostatic pressure, 27, 116
Hydrotropism, 87
Hymenophyllum, 288
Hyper-accumulator, 98, 242–3
Hypersensitive response, 215
Hypha, 213
Hypocotyl, 50
Hypodermis, 39
Hyponasty, 91Imbibition, 112
In situhybridization, 61
Inbreeding, 110, 186
Indian pipe, 221
Indole-3–acetic acid (IAA), 69
Indole-3–butyric acid (IBA), 69
Indusium, 288
Inflorescence, 52, 310
Inositol triphosphate (IP 3 ) 77, 82
Insect resistance, genetic
engineering of, 256
Integument, 44, 49, 291–3
Intercellular space, 25
Intine, 46
Intracellular messenger, 76–8, 80–2
Intron, 16–7
Invertase, 152
Ion channel, 127
Isatis tinctoria, 239
Islands, 189–90
Isocitrate dehydrogenase, 151
Iso-electric focussing, 197
Isolation, in plant evolution, 314–6
Isozyme, 197, 199, 197
Iteroparous plant, 175–7
Ivy, 72Jay, as seed disperser, 189
Juniper, 52
Jute, 234Kapok, 235
Karyogamy, 214
Kelp, 262
α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, 151
Kinase, 110
Kinetin, 73
Krantz anatomy, 39, 145Laburno-cytisus, 241
Lamellae, moss, 266
Laminar flow cabinet, 248
Laminaria, 262
Lamium, 309
Larch (Larix) 298
Larrea tridentata, 175
Laverbread, 261
Lawsonia inermis, 239
Leghemoglobin, 207Legume, 52–3, 163, 189, 204, 207,
210–1
Lentil,Lens culinaris, 207, 221, 229
Lepidodendron, 281
Leptosporangium, 285
Leucoplast, 9
Liana, 173
Lichen, 173, 267
Lignin, lignification, 7, 8, 34, 215,
210, 232
Lime, liming, 134
Lime (tree), 233
Linseed, (Linum), 50, 228, 234
Lipid, 156
Liverwort, 258, 265–72
Lolium perenne, self-thinning, 178
Long-day plant, 84
Loranthaceae,seemistletoe
Lycopodium, 279, 280
Lycopsida, 222, 258–9, 273–4, 277,
278–81, 293
Lyginopteridopsida,see
pteridosperms
Lyonophyton, 276
Lysergic acid amide (LSD) and
ergot disease, 216Macrocystis, 262
Magnesium, 134, 136
Magnolia, 308, 312
Maidenhair tree, 303
Maize, 39, 55, 99, 146, 182, 221, 228,
275
Malate dehydrogenase, 151
Malvaceae, 188, 234
Mango, 230
Mangroves, 164, 190
Maple,see Acer
Marattiaceae, 286
Marigold, 43
Marsileaceae, 288
Media for cell and tissue culture,
248
Medicinal plants, 236–237
Mediterranean climate, 163, 175
Megaphyll, 279, 285
Megasporangium, megaspore
280–1, 291
Meiosis, 16, 21, 46
Melon, water, 52
Membrane potential, 125–126
Membranes, 11–4
Mentha palustris, 159
Meristem, 19, 23–4, 31–2, 64–5
tip culture, 218
Mesophyll, 38–9, 42
Mesophyte, 121
Metabolism, anaerobic, 99
Metals, heavy, 164
Microbodies, 4
Microcycas, 302
Microfibril, 110
Microphyll, 279, 281, 292, 298
Micropropagation, and genetic
engineering, 250, 254328 Index