292 ■ INDEX
Mumbai, 117
New York City, 114–15, 118–19, 122n 6
Singapore, 116, 117, 118–19
certifi ed emissions reductions (CERs), 141
Chambers, Robert, 227
Chandiwala, Smita, 271–72
Chicago Climate Exchange, 27
China, 138, 144–45, 148–49
and built environment, 132, 134
climate strategies in building sector, 275–76
transport sector, 135, 136, 139, 140-41
Chu, Shu Yi, 125–59
Cikes, Anne-Sophie, 277
Cities and Climate Change—Responding to an
Urgent Agenda, 2–4
Cities for Climate Protection (CCP), 4, 15,
125, 164–66
creation of, 163
and streetlight programs, 143
city emissions
comparative analysis of, 56–57
comparison of drivers for characterization
of, 63–67, 81nn9–10
factors infl uencing, 5–6
and governance for climate mitigation, 6–8
importance of urban form for, 6
measuring of, 4–5
source of, 60–63, 81nn6–8
See also per capita emissions, city
city governments, roles of in climate change,
71 b3.1
city planning
planning climate resilient cities, 281–82
and use of REAP methodologies, 260, 275
city solidarity, 168, 170
Clavel, Robert, 278–79
Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)
projects, 79, 106–8, 141, 149
Canada, 280
Delhi, 206
and development assistance, 266
and urban infrastructure partnerships, 146
climate
and comparative analysis of city plans to
reduce emissions, 68–79
impacts in cities, 10
link to energy consumption, 64, 66t3.6
See also disaster events
Climate Alliance, 125
Clinton, William, 167
Clinton Climate Initiative, 167
CNG. See compressed natural gas (CNG)
Co, Jason Christopher Rayos, 287
coal-fi red power plants, 30
coastal areas, 143–44
and sea-level changes, 195–99
temperature data for, 177, 178f7.1, 181f7.2,
182–83f7.3, 185f7.4
vulnerability and resilience of in Southeast
Asia, 281
coastal regulation zones (CRZs), 144
Cohen, Elliot, 265–68
Coley, David, 276–77
Colorado Carbon Fund, 27
communication, and adaptation to climate
change, 211–15
community-based adaptation, Philippines, 276
community-based organizations (CBOs), 227,
230 t9.1, 239–40, 267
community-focused methodologies, 244–45,
246–47t9.6
community-wide accounting protocols, 28
community-wide emissions, 127
community-wide vulnerability and capacity
assessment (CVCA), 244–45, 246–47
commuting time, 99, 100–101
commuting trips, 110
daily trips, 66
disaggregating by mode of, 93–99
as source of emissions, 92–93
composite model, 110f4.5D, 111
compressed natural gas (CNG), 136–37
congestion
and freight trips, 93
Mumbai, 117
pricing of, 104
relationship to mobility, 91
and urban models, 112
consumers
and choice of transport mode, 108
demand for transport, 99–101, 121n 3
preferences of in France, 285
consumption patterns
and adaptation to climate change, 203
electricity consumption, 60–62, 64, 81n8,
81 n10, 102, 130
food consumption, 37
impact of climate change on, 199–202
See also energy consumption; fuel and fuel
use
contagion, for climate change policies,
169–70, 172