62 ■ CITIES AND CLIMATE CHANGE
TABLE 3.3
Energy Consumption by Fuels
percent
Fuel London
New
York City MilanMexico
City Bangkok
Natural gas 53 36 25 7
Oils (transportation) 19 23 16 62 76
Oils (nontransportation) 2 16 10 15
Electricity 25 25 45 15 24
Waste (used as fuel) 3
Biomass: wood 0.3
Coal and similar substances <0.1
Other 0.2 1
Source: Authors on different source data: AMA 2007; BMA 2008; Kennedy and others 2010; Mayor
of London 2007b; Pardo and Martínez 2006. Oils for transportation include gasoline and diesel;
nontransportation oils include fuel oils, liquefi ed petroleum gas, and kerosene.
TABLE 3.4
Emissions by Sectors
percent
New
York City
(CO 2 e)London
(CO 2 )Mexico
City
(CO 2 e)Milan
(CO 2 )Bangkok
(CO 2 e)
2005 2006 2000 2005 2005
Energy use in buildings 77 71 24 78 35
Transportation 22 22 43 20 50
Industrial 7 22 2
Waste (landfi ll emissions) 0.4 11 3
Agriculture 1 13
Other 0.3
Source: Authors on different source data: BMA 2008; City of New York 2008b; IEFE 2009; Mayor of
London 2007a; Pardo and Martínez 2006.
As for sectors, buildings and transportation are the most emissive sources (see
table 3.4). In industrialized cities (London, New York City, Milan), emissions
from energy use in buildings (residential, commercial, tertiary, and public)
amount to approximately 70 percent of the total. In developing cities, emissions
from buildings are the second most relevant source and amount to 24 percent
of emissions in Mexico City and 35 percent in Bangkok. Transportation is a
relevant emission source in all selected cities, representing almost half of total