Appendix 3.01 Survey of The Neurosciences and Music I
- Conference 2002
Part I. Cerebral Organization of Music
-Related Functions
Title, Category
Aim
Mus. M
aterial, Cultural Ref. Technology & Procedure
Main focus of interest
Conclusion
*1. Koelsch & Friederici (15
-28)
Processing of Musical Syntax
Cat
. 2: Harmony
Cat. 13: Expectation
*2. Tervaniemi & Huotilainen (29
-39)
Change
-Related Brain
Potentials
Cat. 1: Pitch
Cat. 3: Complex sounds
*3. Griffiths
(40
-49)
Functional Imaging of Pitch Analysis
Cat. 1: Melody
Brain responses to
In-key chords compared to sequences with Neapolitan chords (”syntactic violation”)
Cortical representations of musical sound and phonetic sound
Brain basis for the a
nalysis of
pitch and pitch patterns
Five
-chord sequences
.
Sound source not indicated (SNI)
CR: Western
1)
Single tones:
Synthesi
zed
piano tones and pure tones
2)
Single
Chords
3) Phonetic sounds
CR:
Western
Review of diferent studies which apply
1) Single pure tones
2) Tonal melody 3) Harmonic stimuli
4) Random pitch pattern
s^
5) Iterated rippled noise
,
which evokes a peception of pitch
CR:
Western
EEG and MEG while listening
Support: fMRI
EEG and MEG while listening
Support: PET
PET and fMRI while listening
Includes introduction to functional imaging by means of PET and fMRI
Brain signatures of musical syntax: Event
-related electric
brain potentials (
ERP
): Early
Right Anterior Negativity (ERAN).
Distinct negativity or
positivity after 200, 500, 300 milliseconds
(N2, N5, P3)
Sound representation indexed by
Event
-Related Potential
(ERP
): Mismatch negativity
(MMN), P3, Late D
isc
ri-
minative Negativity (
LDN
)
Pitch processing in the brain. Includes review
Early right anterior
negativity
(ERAN) reflects the
violation
of a musical sound expectancy
Complex sounds are automatically encoded
in
the
audi
tory cortex:
Fundamental difference be
tw
een
musical sounds
versus pure tones and speech sounds Sound features relevant to pitc
h are represented in brain
stem and cortex.
Pitch
patterns are
processed in
larger networks
Pure tones
= Sinus tones