Appendix 3.02 Survey of The Neurosciences a
nd Music I
I
Conference 2005
From Perception to Performance
Title, Category
Aim
Mus. Material, Cultural Ref.
Technology & Procedure
Main focus of interest
Conclusion
- Schön et al. (71
-81)
Song Perception
Cat. 5: Song
8P. G
aab et al. (82
-88)
Neural correlates of rapid processing Cat. 8: Musicians
9P. Schönwiesner et al.
(89
-92)
Spectral and temporal processing Cat. 3: Complex sounds
10P. Moreno & Besson
(93
-97)
Musical Training and Pitch Processing
Cat. 6: Language
Cat.
10: Training
Understanding whether the different levels of music and language processing are independent or interactive
To investigate if musical training alters the functional anatomy of rapid spectrotemporal processing
To i
dentify cortical ar
eas
in
which the functional magnetic resonance covaries with spectral and temporal acoustic complexity
To determine whether eight weeks of musical training
based on pitch processing could help 8
-year old children
detect pitch changes in language
1) Pa
irs of spoken words,
sung words, vocalises and noises.
2-3) Pairs of sung words
CR: French
Three
-tone sequences
comprising two complex tones (SNI)
CR: Neutral Novel n
oise
-like stimuli
differing in temporal complexity and spectral complexity, but no
t in
bandwidth and energy
CR: Neutral Short sentences from children’s books. Fundamental frequency of final word manipulated to create weak or strong pitch violation. CR: French
Nonmusician participants. 1) fMRI:
same or different
judging task
2)
Event
-related brain
potential (
ERP
): same or
different
judging task: a)
focusing on words b) focusing on melody
3) fMRI: same tasks as 2)
20 musicians and 20 non
musicians. Task:
Listen and reproduce
the order of the tones
by
button press.
19 normal subjects.
fMRI, sparse imaging. Ten stimulus conditions and silent condition presented in random order
.
10 children with musical training, 10 with painting training
.
EEG:
Event
-Related Potential
(ERP
); Reaction time.
Task:
Determine if final words
sounded normal
or strange.
Cerebral structures involved in song processing.
Relationship between the linguistic and musical dimensions of song
Potential effect of musical training for improving language and reading skills
Acoustic basis of the hemispheric lateralization
of speech / music perception
Effect of musical training on language skill
Linguistic and musical dimensions of songs are processed by similar, overlapping brain areas
.
The use of simple material (pairs of stimuli) may limit the scope of the conclusion. Need for research based on
more
ecological materials
Musical training may enhance skills essential to language and reading
Left
Superior Temporal
Gyrus (
STG
) activity
covaries
preferentially
with
temporal modulation, Right STG activity w
ith spectral
modulation Some evidence for an influence of music training on pitch processing in language after eight weeks of training