Capoeira: The History of an Afro-Brazilian Martial Art

modinhas 41
moleque 98, 148, 210
Montagu, Ashley 17
Moraes Trindade, Mestre Pedro 182–7, 206
Moraes, Vinicius de 168
Morais, Plácido de Abreu 81
Morales de los Rios, Adolfo 16
morengy 54, 210
moringue 54, 210
Motta, Zezé 5
Moura, Jaime Alves 139
Moura, Jair (Mestre Onça) 139, 183
mrengé 54, 210
mucamas 94
mulata 189
mulattos 11, 19
mulher barbada 135
music 7, 22, 72, 105, 144, 182, 198, 202;
Angola style 157–2;
and combat games 53, 64, 66;
and fist fighting 59, 60;
and kicks/head-butting 62;
orchestras 106–11, 108, 113, 163;
patterns/rhythms 40–3, 134;
Regional 133–8, 142;
role of 154;
songs 109–14, 122;
and stick fighting 57;
use of drums/bells 38, 39–2
Muzenza group 187, 192, 195
myths, African origins 6;
Brazilian link 3–5;
burning of slave documents 7;
circulation of 3;
disguise of fight as dance 3;
function of 7–8;
and identity 7–8;
invention 3;
making sense of 8;
maroons as inventors of 5–6;
played to music 7;
of race 18;
remote origins 3–6;
runaway slaves 16–17;
use of berimbau 6–7;
use of foot kicks 7

Nachtegall, Franz 14
Nagoas 82–88

Natinho, Mestre 183

National Council of Sports (CND) 174

National Folklore Commission (CNFL) 161

nationalism, cultural 18;

elite view 10–11;

mestiço identity 11–14;

and sport 14–19;

urban lower-classes 11

Naum, Jacob 172

navalha (razor/jack knife) 72–7, 82–7, 117

negativa 97, 106, 107, 211

Nenel, Mestre 199

Nestor Capoeira, Mestre 169, 171, 187

Neves e Souza, Álbano 22–4, 47–49, 50

N’golo (zebra dance) 22, 47–52, 54, 156, 211

Nito, Mestre 186

Nô, Mestre 186, 198

Nogueira, Aristeu 139

Nokia 2

Noronha, Mestre 109, 112, 114, 118, 120, 151, 151

Nvemba-Nzinga, Don Alfonso 42

Ombrinho, Mestre (Michael Goldstein) 186

ómudinhu 52, 211

Onça, Mestre Airton 147, 173, 175

Onça Preta, Mestre 147, 151

onhandeka 51

Operation Capoeira 168

orixá 36, 37, 112, 113, 135, 176, 211

orrido 112

Ortiz, Fernando 24, 59–3

Ortiz, Renato 141

Ott, Carlos 107, 113

Ousado, Mestre 173

padroado 43

Paizinho, Mestre (Teodoro Ramos) 167

Palmares group 5, 187

pancadaria 194

Pándegos d’Africa 101

pandeiro 6, 106, 129, 133, 157, 193, 211

Paraguayan War (1865–70) 83, 99–4

pardo 80, 211

Pascoal, Uncle 114

Pastel, Mestre 187

Pastinha, Mestre (Vicente Ferreira Pastinha) 2, 22, 24, 49,

104, 107, 123, 145, 180, 181;

contribution of 145–1, 163–9;

early life 148–4;

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