A World History of Nineteenth-Century Archaeology: Nationalism, Colonialism, and the Past (Oxford Studies in the History of Archaeology)

RUSSIAN EMPIRE

OTTOMAN

EMPIRE

CAUCASUS

KURDISTAN

BALUCHISTAN

PUNJAB

TIBET

PAMIR

KASHMIR

HINDU KUSH

TAKLAMAKAN

DESERT

LOP DESERT

GANSU

MONGOLIA

GOBI

Urumqi

Turfan

Ganzhou

Lhasa

Lanzhou

Dunhuang

Chang’an

Beijing

Ulan Bator

Kashgar

Samarkand

Balkh

Shanghai

Hong Kong

Calcutta

Delhi Bombay

Lahore

Islamabad

Srinigar

Miran

Niya

Uiliq

Dandan

Khotan

Gilgit

Bamiyan

Tehran Persepolis

MedinaMecca

Merv

Baku

Moscow

Black Sea

AralSea

Lop Nor

EastChinaSea

SouthChinaSea

Bay ofBengal

Arabian

Sea

GulfOman

PersianGulf

RedSea

Tarim

Caspian

Sea

Baghdad

AntiochPalmyra

Kermanshah

Damascus

Beirut

Basra

Tashkent

Bukhara

Kabul

HIM

ALAYAS

IRAN

AFGHANISTAN

CHINA

INDIA

IRAQ

Map 2

The Silk Road (based on Whitfield 2004: 6–7)

410 Maps