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GTBL042-Index GTBL042-Callister-v3 October 17, 2007 1:38
868 • IndexGlass transition temperature,
449–450, 590, 844
factors that affect, polymers,
450
values for selected polymers,
450, 838
Gold, 538
atomic radius and crystal
structure, 40
electrical conductivity, 469
slip systems, 249
thermal properties, 709
Gold-tin phase diagram, 397
Graft copolymers, 116, 117, 844
Grain boundaries, 82, 145, 844
Grain boundary energy, 145
Grain growth, 269–270, 844
Grains, 844
definition, 80
distortion during plastic
deformation, 254–255
Grain size, 844
dependence on time, 270
determination of, 155
mechanical properties and, 270
reduction, and strengthening of
metals, 257–258
refinement by annealing, 576
Grain size number (ASTM),
155
Graphite, 58
in cast irons, 524
compared to carbon, 636, 639
cost, 832
from decomposition of cementite,
524
electrical conductivity, 496
properties/applications, 551
properties as whisker, 636
as a refractory, 545
structure of, 59
Gray cast iron, 524–525, 844
compositions, mechanical
properties, and applications,
527
Green ceramic bodies, 597,
844
Green design, 794
Ground state, 21, 764, 844
Growth, phase particle, 402,
410–412, 844
rate, 411
temperature dependence of rate,
411
Gutta percha, 114H
Hackle region, 307, 308
Half-cells, standard, 665–666
Half-reactions, 663
Hall coefficient, 488
Hall effect, 488–489, 844
Hall-Petch equation, 258
Hall voltage, 488
Halogens, 23
Hardenability, 578–581, 845
Hardenability band, 581, 582
Hardenability curves, 579–581
Hard magnetic materials, 744–747,
845
properties, 746
Hardness, 845
bainite, pearlitevs.
transformation temperature,
433
ceramics, 228, 229
comparison of scales, 227
conversion diagram, 227
correlation with tensile strength,
228
fine and coarse pearlite,
spheroidite, 432
pearlite, martensite, tempered
martensite, 433
polymers, 228–229
tempered martensite, 434, 436
Hardness tests, 222–229
summary of tests, 224
Hard sphere model, 39
Head-to-head configuration, 112
Head-to-tail configuration, 112
Heat affected zone, 573, 574
Heat capacity, 706–708, 845
temperature dependence,
707–708
vibrational contribution, 706–707
Heat flux, 711
Heat of fusion, latent, 405
Heat transfer:
mechanism, 706–707, 713
nonsteady-state, 720
Heat treatable, definition of, 531
Heat treatments, 161.See also
Annealing; Phase
transformations
dislocation reduction, 246
glass, 593–594
hydrogen embrittlement, 688
intergranular corrosion and, 685
polymer morphology, 274
polymer properties, 277for precipitation hardening,
441–443
recovery, recrystallization, and
grain growth during, 263–270
steel, 577–588
Hertz, 761
Heterogeneous nucleation, 402,
408–410
Hexagonal close-packed structure,
42–43, 485
anion stacking (ceramics), 79
Burgers vector for, 249
close-packed planes (metals),
77–78
slip systems, 249
twinning in, 256
Hexagonal crystal system, 61, 62
direction indices, 68–70
planar indices, 74–75
Hexagonal ferrites, 733
Hexane, 99
High carbon steels, 521
High-cycle fatigue, 319
High polymers, 108, 845
High-strength, low-alloy (HSLA)
steels, 518–519, 845
High-temperature
superconductors, 753
Holes, 466, 475, 845
role, diffusion in ionic materials,
177
mobility:
influence of dopant
concentration on, 483
influence of temperature on,
484–485
values for selected
semiconductors, 474
temperature dependence of
concentration (Si, Ge), 481
Homogeneous nucleation, 402–408
Homopolymers, 105, 845
Honeycomb structure, 652
Hooke’s law, 192, 218
Hot pressing, 601
Hot working, 265, 570, 845 .See also
Heat treatments
HSLA (high-strength, low-alloy)
steels, 518–519, 845
Hybrid composites, 647, 845
Hydration, of cement, 546–547
Hydrocarbons, 98–100
Hydrogen:
diffusive purification, 166, 183
reduction, 671