436 indexGhanìmah. see also Anfàl; Fai"; Khums
definition of, 410, 411
distribution of, 85, 86, 87–88,
103–104
during Umayyad caliphate, 149–150
gharar, 411
Ghassànìds, 17, 411
al-Ghazàlì, Abù-Hàmid (d. 1111 A.C.)
the author, 245–246
on consumption, 250–251, 376
during Crusades, 232
on education, 247–248
on function of money, 248–249
Iœya"Ulùal-Dìn, 246–253, 262
influenced by other religions, 246
influenced by al-Muœàsibì, 221
influenced by al-Ràghib al-A›fahànì
on, 244
on jurisprudence, 162–163
versus al-Shaibànì, 253
Ghaznawids, 226
gifts. see also charity, 84, 115, 118
globalization, 406
gold. see also coinage, 54, 248–249,
257, 387, 416
Greater Syria. see also Syria, 118, 121,
126, 132, 147, 206
Greek language, 133
Greek philosophy, 163, 232, 238
Gulf Coast Consortia (GCC), 384–386
Œadìth. see also Aœàdìth, 409
Œadramawt, 12, 18, 411
Hagar, 2, 3
Hajj. see also pilgrimage, 71, 76, 96
al-Œajjaj (d. 715 A.C.), 127, 138, 151
Hajji Khalifah. seeKatib Chelebi
al-Œallàj (d. 922 A.C.), 208
Ham (son of Noah), 2, 4
Œamdànìds, 224
ŒanafìSchool of Law, 159, 167, 206,
411
ŒanbalìSchool of Law, 262, 316, 411
Œaq Màlì, 411
œarakah, 218
hardship of population, 295, 298, 320
Harùn al-Rashìd (d. 809 A.C.), 128,
169, 172–173
al-Œassan (son of Ali ibn Abi Tàlib),
126–127
Œassan al-Ba›rì(d. 728 A.C.), 210–211
œawàlah, 135, 144, 412
al-Hàwi al-Kabìr(al-Màwardì), 233
head of state, requirements of, 312
Hemites, 2, 4
Hemitic language, 4
hereafter, 67
hibah, 412
High Council for Fostering Art and
Literature (Egypt), 352–353
High Institute for Arabic Studies
(Egypt), 352
al-Œijaz revolt, 127
Œimyarites, 12
Hindu Fundamentalist Party (BJP), 305
Hindus, 140, 305, 307
Hira, 17, 135
hiring-out, 200
œisbah
definition of, 412
emergence of, 84
historical background of, 260–261
Ibn al-Ukhùwwah on, 263–268
al-Màwardìon, 236–237, 261–262
writings on, 261–273
al-Œisbah fi al-Islam (Ibn-Taymìyah),
268–273
Hishàm ibn Abd al-Màlik (d. 743 A.C.),
145
hoarding
al-Ghazàlìon, 249, 252
Ibn Taymìyah on, 270
money, 244
and price control, 81, 123
al-Ràghib al-A›fahànìon, 244
Holy War. see jih(a-)d
homo economicus, 65
homo economicus humanus, 66, 378
homo economicus Islamiticus, 66
homo Islamiticus, 66
hospitality, 8, 24–25
Hujjat Allah al-Bàlighah (Shah Wali-Allah),
310
human resources, 63–64, 107–108, 319
al-Œusayn (son of Ali ibn Abi Tàlib),
127
i"atidàl, 40–41, 412
Ibn Abd al-Wahhàb, Muœammad
(d. 1792 A.C.), 309, 316–317
Ibn al-Arabi, Muœammad ibn-Ali
Muhyi al-Dìn (d. 1240 A.C.),
306–307
Ibn al-Fara", AbùYa"ala (d. 1066), 262
Ibn Khaldùn, Abd al-Rahman (d. 1406
A.C.)
the author, 273
on consumption, 277–278