- SHALLUM retribution. (1.) The son of Jabesh, otherwise unknown. He
“conspired against Zachariah, and smote him before the people, and slew
him, and reigned in his stead” (2 Kings 15:10). He reigned only “a month
of days in Samaria” (15:13, marg.). Menahem rose up against Shallum and
put him to death (2 Kings 15:14, 15, 17), and became king in his stead.
(2.) Keeper of the temple vestments in the reign of Josiah (2 Kings 22:14).
(3.) One of the posterity of Judah (1 Chronicles 2:40, 41).
(4.) A descendant of Simeon (1 Chronicles 4:25).
(5.) One of the line of the high priests (1 Chronicles 6:13).
(6.) 1 Chronicles 7:13.
(7.) A keeper of the gate in the reign of David (1 Chronicles 9:17).
(8.) A Levite porter (1 Chronicles 9:19, 31; Jeremiah 35:4).
(9.) An Ephraimite chief (2 Chronicles 28:12).
(10.) The uncle of the prophet Jeremiah (Jeremiah 32:7).
(11.) A son of king Josiah (1 Chronicles 3:15; Jeremiah 22:11), who was
elected to succeed his father on the throne, although he was two years
younger than his brother Eliakim. He assumed the crown under the name
of Jehoahaz (q.v.). He did not imitate the example of his father (2 Kings
23:32), but was “a young lion, and it learned to catch the prey; it devoured
men” (Ezekiel 19:3). His policy was anti-Egyptian therefore. Necho, at
that time at Riblah, sent an army against Jerusalem, which at once yielded,
and Jehoahaz was carried captive to the Egyptian camp, Eliakim being
appointed king in his stead. He remained a captive in Egypt till his death,
and was the first king of Judah that died in exile.
- SHALMAN an Assyrian king (Hos. 10:14), identified with Shalmaneser
II. (Sayce) or IV. (Lenormant), the successor of Pul on the throne of
Assyria (B.C. 728). He made war against Hoshea, the king of Israel, whom
he subdued and compelled to pay an annual tribute. Hoshea, however,
soon after rebelled against his Assyrian conquerer. Shalmaneser again
marched against Samaria, which, after a siege of three years, was taken (2
Kings 17:3-5; 18:9) by Sargon (q.v.). A revolution meantime had broken
out in Assyria, and Shalmaneser was deposed. Sargon usurped the vacant