- Square Matrix
A matrix with equal number of rows and columns is said to be a square matrix.
Eg. : B = ⎟⎟
⎠
⎞
⎜⎜⎝
⎛
−
−
3 6
2 4
Here, the matrix B has two rows and two columns i.e., equal number of rows and
columns and hence the matrix B is a square matrix of order 2×2.
The concept of square matrix can be taught to the child with examples, supported by
a situational approach, wherein students, say in three rows containing three members
in each row. The child may be asked to explore the arrangement of the students which
may enable him to understand the concept.
- Rectangular Matrix
A matrix with unequal number of rows and columns is said to be a rectangular matrix.
Eg. : C = ⎟⎟
⎠
⎞
⎜⎜⎝
⎛
− −
− −
2 4 9
1 2 3
In this example, the matrix C contains 2 rows and 3 columns i.e., unequal number of
rows and columns and hence C is a rectangular matrix.
Note : All square matrices are rectangular matrices, but the converse is not true.
Situational approach can be adopted to enable the child to understand this concept
in addition to verbal explanation, as in the case of a square matrix. To enhance the
learning of the child, a concrete object, say, the abacus itself can be given to
explore the lower abacus which has 4 beads in each column and the number of rows
may differ depending on the abacus. If the abacus is having 15 columns then the
lower abacus forms a matrix of order 4×15 and if it contains 13 columns then the
abacus forms a matrix of order 4×13. The Flannel or Magnetic board may also be
used.
