N
Naegleria fowleri, 176
Nathans, Dan, 132
Natural classification, 146–147
Natural killer (NK) cells, 220
Neisseria, 155
Nematodes, 180–181
Neutralization reaction, 227
Neutrons, 25
Niclosamide, 245
Nielsen, Frederick, 64
Nifurtimox, 245
Nocardia, 165
Nomanski microscope, 59
Nonliving reservoirs, 200–201
Nosocomial infections, 206–207
Nucleic acid inhibitors, 241–242
Nucleic acids, 42–44, 225
Nucleoid, 68, 77
Nucleolus, 81
Nucleoside analogs, 244
Nucleotides, 42–43, 122
Nucleus, 25O
Obligate aerobes and anaerobes, 104
Observing microorganisms
microscopes. SeeMicroscopes
size, 47–50
Oligonucleotides, 133
Oncogenic viruses, 192
Operon model, 125
Orbital, 25
Order, 144–145
Organic compounds, 37
ATP (adenosine triphosphate), 44
carbohydrates, 40–41
introduction, 37, 39–40
lipids, 41
nucleic acids, 43–44
pH scale, 38–39
proteins, 41–42
synthesis of, 42–44Organism, definition of, 1
Orthomytoviruses, 191
Osmosis, 75–76
Oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction,
88–89
Oxidoreductases, 90
Oxygen, 104–105
Oxygenic photosynthesis, 99P
Papovaviruses, 190
Paramyxoviruses, 191
Parasites, 5, 168
Parasitology, 5
Passive transport, 75
Pasteur, Louis, 11–12, 18
Pasteurella-Haemophilus, 158
Pasteurization, 12, 113
Pathogenic microorganism, 2
Pathognomonic, definition of, 199
Pathology, 199
PCR (polymerase chain reaction),
133–134
Pellicle, 79
Penicillin, 8, 16, 232–233, 237–238
Penicillin notatum,16–17, 232–233
Peptidoglycan, 72, 80
Periodic Table, 27–28
Peripheral proteins, 75
Petri dish, 14
Petri, Richard, 14, 18
pH scale, 38–39, 91
Phaeophyta, 173
Phagocytes, 15
Phagocytosis, 7, 77, 81
Phase-contrast microscope, 58
Phenols and phenolics, 114–116
Phenotype, 124, 146
Phospholipids, 41
Photoreaction, 127
Photosynthesis, 82, 98–100
dark phase reactions, 100
photosystems I and II, 99–100(^280) INDEX
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