multiparous 368
primiparous 367, 368, 373
social dominance 367–368
feedlot 366
glutamine flux 52
growth
effects of feed enzymes 417
liver
copper 174, 175
meat tenderness 71
3-methylhistidine production 39–42
phenethanolamine efficacy 68–69
ruminal dynamics 347
trans-hepatic flux
amino acids 54–55
Cell volume regulation 156
Cell wall ruminal digestion 135, 246–247
Cellobiose 134, 135
Cellulase 132, 218, 247, 406, 416, 417, 418
Cellulose 122–123, 135, 211, 221, 222
Cereal
grains 387, 399
arabinoxylan content 407
-glucan content 407
ileal amino acid digestibility 284–285,
293–295, 296
mycotoxin contamination 387
temperate 387
Cerium 261
CH 4 133, 135, 136, 138, 141, 210, 214, 215, 225
Chemometrics 193–198
Chickens seePoultry
Chitin 122, 124, 125, 131
Chitinase 124, 125, 130, 132
Chitobiase 125
Chitobiose 125
Cholecystokinin (CCK) 126, 322–323
Cholesterol 74, 86
conversion to bile salts 99
excretion 99
synthesis 99
transport 99, 102–104
Chromium
ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (Cr-EDTA) 260,
265, 267
mordants 259–260, 264–265, 268
sesquioxide (Cr 2 O 3 ) 259, 265, 268–270
Chylomicrons 99, 101, 102
Cimaterol 66, 68, 69, 71, 78, 81
Classical methods for
Derivation of metabolizable energy (ME)
replacement 309
substitution 309
Clenbuterol 66, 68, 69, 71, 76, 77, 78, 81, 85
Clover
gas curve 223
red 386
subterranean 386
Clover disease 390, 396
CO 2 133, 135, 136, 138, 141, 154–155, 214, 215, 225,
226
Cobalt-ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (Co-EDTA)
260, 265–266 268
Cold stress 153
Colipase 98
Colon 142, 143
Colour
aversion 322
preference 322
Competition for
feed 367–371
Computers
in gas production methods 216–217
Concanavalin A 385, 390, 396
Co-contamination
animal feed 401–402
mycotoxins 386, 401–402
-Conglycinin 385, 396
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) 100–101
Copper
absorption 173, 175, 176
albumin 173
biliary 174, 175
chronic poisoning 174
endogenous excretion 174, 175, 176
homeostasis 173, 174, 175
liver 174, 175
supplementation 174
surface losses 174
transport 173
turnover 173, 175
urinary 174
Coprophagy 143
Corn cob mix 223
Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS)
58, 223
Cottonseed 387, 401, 408
Cows seeCattle
Cow pea 385
Crop 130
Crude protein (CP) 200, 202, 203, 204, 286, 287
Curve(s)
digestion 223–224
fitting 231–232
gas 218, 219, 220, 221, 223
logistic 219–220
subtraction 223–224
Cyanogens 384, 390
see alsoHCN
Cytochalasin D 130Daidzein 386
Deaminase inhibitors 356, 358
2-Deoxy-glucose (2DG) 326
Degradability
effective 243–244
rumen 234–249
Degradation
kinetics
models 220, 240–244
protein 25–28, 33–35
Deoxynivalenol (DON) 387, 390, 391, 392, 398, 399,
400, 401
Dextrin 125, 126, 132
Diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS) 387, 391
Diacylglycerols 106–107, 116
2,6-Diaminopimelic acid (DAPA) 239, 257–258, 266,
357
Diarrhoea 390, 392, 401, 413
Diet
selection 329
Diffusion
facilitated 154
Digesta
flow estimation 264–266
load 346
viscosity 406, 407, 412
Digestibility
amino acids
apparent versus true 282–284
barley 294–296
canola meal 295–298
cereal grains 284–285, 293–295
determination 281–285, 289–301
faecal versus ileal 281–282
ileal 279–302
principles 281
protein supplements 285, 295–299
regression methods 292–302
sources of variation 285–301
determination by near infrared spectroscopy 200,
202, 204
diet 415
effect of feed enzymes 406–409, 411–418
estimation 267–269
of forages 246–247
effects of enzymes 416
ileal 279–302, 414
of organic matter 246–247
protein 413
Digestion
cell wall 246–247
dynamics 335–337Index 429