thromboangiitis obliterans
(Buerger’s disease) 301t
thrombocythemia 136, 152, 161,
164, 170–171, 170 t
thrombocytopenia 148, 161, 164,
171, 171–172, 171 t
thrombolytic medications 57,
82–83, 83t, 86 t
thrombolytic therapy 107, 108,
110–111, 110 t, 225
thrombosis. Seeblood clots
thrush 309, 314
thymectomy 121, 152, 172
thymus 120–121, 123, 148, 172,
172, 296
TIA (transient ischemic attack) 22,
111
tick bites
babesiosis 311
encephalitis 322, 324
human ehrlichiosis 335, 336
Lyme disease 341, 342
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
350
TMLR (transmyocardial laser
revascularization) 12, 111–112
TMP-SMZ. Seetrimethoprim-
sulfamethoxazole
TNM system 392–393, 393t
torsade de pointes 74, 82, 111
toxic shock syndrome 357
Toxoplasma gondii357, 358
toxoplasmosis 322, 357–358
trachea 233–234
alveolus 183
auscultation 191
breathing 193
breath sounds 194
bronchoscopy 197
bronchus 197
lungs 212
oxygen therapy 217
pleura 218
positive airway pressure 223
tracheostomy 234
tracheostomy 217, 234
transforming growth factors (TGFs)
296–297
transient ischemic attack (TIA) 22,
111
transmission modes 315, 358
transmyocardial laser
revascularization (TMLR) 12,
111–112
transposition of the great arteries
(TGA) 6, 39
trichomoniasis 358
triglyceride blood level 64, 112,
112 t
triglycerides 36, 65, 82
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
(TMP-SMZ) 320, 349, 353, 360
trophozoite 307, 329
tuberculosis 229, 230, 304, 305,
359–360, 359 t
tumor, cancerous. See also
adenocarcinoma
adenoma-to-carcinoma
transition 366
angiogenesis inhibitor drugs 368
blastoma 368–369
cancer 364
carcinoma 374–375
lung cancer 208
radiation therapy 388
tumor, noncancerous (benign)
adenocarcinoma 366
adenoma-to-carcinoma
transition 366
blastoma 369
fibroelastoma 55
myxoma 88
tumor markers 395
tumor cells 286, 297
tumor markers 373, 395–397,
395 t–396t
tumor necrosis factors (TNFs) 237,
259, 260, 297, 326
tumor suppressor genes 397, 397 t
type 1 diabetes 238, 249
type 2 diabetes 6, 49, 73, 102, 257
type I hypersensitivity reaction
(allergic reaction)
allergic asthma 240
allergic conjunctivitis 240–241
allergic rhinitis 242
anaphylaxis 244–245
atopy 249
desensitization 258
gammaglobulin 263
histamine 267
hypersensitivity reaction 268,
269 t
immunosuppressive therapy 276
type II hypersensitivity reaction
268–269, 269t
type III hypersensitivity reaction
269, 269t,295–296
type IV (delayed) hypersensitivity
reaction (allergic reaction) 241,
269, 269t
typhoid fever 360U
ultraviolet radiation 365, 382
unconsciousness (syncope) 108–109
urination 317, 330, 358
urticaria 241, 269, 295
US Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC) 219, 299
US Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) 90, 192, 212
US Food and Drug Administration
(FDA) 159, 288, 368, 373
US Occupational Safety and Health
Administration (OSHA) 183,
192, 207, 229, 230V
vaccine 298–299, 298 t–299t
active immunity 239
antibody 245
cancer vaccines 373
immune system 237
immunization 338
immunotherapy 277
infectious diseases 304, 305
VACTERL 37–38, 40
VADs. Seeventricular assist devices
vagina 328, 330, 336, 337
vaginitis
bacteria 311
candidiasis 315
normal flora 347
trichomoniasis 358
valley fever. Seecoccidioidomycosis
VA LT. Seevascular-associated
lymphoid tissue
valvular heart disease 113–114,
113 t
echocardiogram 51
endocardium 54
fibroelastoma 55
heart murmur 59
heart sounds 60
rheumatic heart disease 103
varicella disease. Seechickenpox
varicella-zoster virus 221, 315,
316, 332
varicose veins 48, 114–115,115,
225
vascular-associated lymphoid tissue
(VALT) 284, 299
vasculitis 200t, 249 t, 299–302,
300 t–301t
vasoconstrictors 83, 86t,101, 230
vasodilators 83–84, 84t, 86 t, 99
vein 115
AVM 19–20Index 427