APPENDIX B DRUG FORMULARY 761
Clemastine (Tavist,Contac 12 HourAllergy, and genericforms)
Antihistamine (H1blocker). Blocks action ofhistamine on tissues. Usedprimarily for treatment ofallergy. Some evidencesuggests that clemastineis more effective thanother antihistamines forpruritus in dogs.
Sedation is most commonside effect.
Used for short-termtreatment of pruritus indogs. May be moreefficacious whencombined with otherantiinflammatory drugs.Tavist syrup contains5.5% alcohol.
1.34 mg tablets(OTC), 2.64 mgtablets (Rx), and0.134 mg/mL syrup.
Dog: 0.05–0.1 mg/kgq12h po.
Clindamycin (Antirobe[veterinary], Cleocin[human])Antibacterial drug of thelincosamide class (similarin action to macrolides).Inhibits bacterial proteinsynthesis via inhibition ofbacterial ribosome.Primarily bacteriostatic,with spectrum of activityprimarily againstgram-positive bacteriaand anaerobes.Generally well tolerated indogs and cats. Oral liquidproduct may beunpalatable to cats.Lincomycin andclindamycin may alterbacterial population inintestine and causediarrhea; for this reason,do not administer torodents or rabbits.Most doses are based onmanufacturer’s drugapproval data and efficacytrials. See dosing columnfor specific guidelines fordifferent infections.Oral liquid25 mg/mL; 25, 75,150 and 300 mgcapsules, and150 mg/mL injection(Cleocin).Dog: 11–33 mg/kg q12hpo; for periodontal andsoft tissue infection,5.5–33 mg/kg q12h po.Cat: 11–33 mg/kg q24hpo; for skin and anaerobicinfections, 11 mg/kg q12hpo; for toxoplasmosis,12.5–25 mg/kg po q12h.Clofazimine(Lamprene)Antimicrobial agent usedto treat feline leprosy.Slow bactericidal effect onMycobacterium leprae.
Adverse effects have notbeen reported in cats. Inpeople, the most seriousadverse effects are GI.Doses based onempiricism orextrapolation of humanstudies.50 and 100 mgcapsules.Cat: 1 mg/kg up to amaximum of 4 mg/kg/daypo.(continued)