Small Animal Dermatology, 3rd edition

802 APPENDIX B DRUG FORMULARY

Drug name (trade orother names)

Pharmacology andindications

Adverse effects andprecautions

Dosing information andcomments

Formulations

Dosage (unlessotherwise indicated,dose is the same fordogs and cat)

Oxacillin (Prostaphlinand generic)

β-lactam antibiotic.Inhibits bacterial cell wallsynthesis. Spectrum islimited to gram-positivebacteria, especiallystaphylococci.

Use cautiously in animalsallergic to penicillin-likedrugs.

Doses based onempiricism orextrapolation from humanstudies. No clinicalefficacy studies availablefor dogs or cats.Administer on emptystomach, if possible.

250, 500 mgcapsules; 50 mg/mLoral solution.

22–40 mg/kg q8h po.

Oxymorphonehydrochloride(Numorphan)

Opioid agonist. Action issimilar to morphine,except that oxymorphoneis more lipophilic thanmorphine and10–15

×

more potent than

morphine.

Same adverse effects andprecautions as morphine.

There is some evidencethat oxymorphone mayhave fewer cardiovasculareffects compared tomorphine. Sinceoxymorphone is morelipophilic, it is readilyabsorbed from epiduralinjection.

1.5 and 1 mg/mLinjection.

Analgesia: 0.1–0.2 mg/kgIV, SC, IM (as needed),redose with0.05–0.1 mg/kg q1–2h.Preanesthetic:0.025–0.05 mg/kg IM orSC. Sedation:0.05–0.02 mg/kg (with orwithout acepromazine)IM, SC.

Oxytetracycline(Terramycin)

Tetracycline antibiotic.Same mechanism andspectrum as tetracycline.Oxytetracycline may beabsorbed to higher extent.

Generally safe. Usecautiously in younganimals. See precautionsfor tetracycline.

Oral dose forms are fromlarge-animal use. Use ofinjectable long-actingforms has not beenstudied in small animals.

250 mg tablets;100, 200 mg/mLinjection.

7.5–10 mg/kg IV q12h;20 mg/kg q12h po.