814 APPENDIX B DRUG FORMULARY
Drug name (trade orother names)Pharmacology andindicationsAdverse effects andprecautionsDosing information andcommentsFormulationsDosage (unlessotherwise indicated,dose is the same fordogs and cat)Ticarcillin disodium(Ticar, Ticillin)β-lactam antibiotic. Actionsimilar toampicillin/amoxicillin.Spectrum similar tocarbenicillin. Ticarcillin isprimarily used forgram-negative infections,especially those caused byPseudomonas.
Adverse effects areuncommon. However,allergic reactions arepossible. High doses canproduce seizures anddecreased plateletfunction.Druginteractions: Do notcombine in same syringeor in vial withaminoglycosides.Ticarcillin is synergisticand often combined withaminoglycosides (e.g.,amikacin, gentamicin).1% lidocaine may be usedfor reconstitution todecrease pain from IMinjection.Vials containing 1,3, 6, 20, and 30 gfor injection.33–50 mg/kg q4–6h IV,IM.Tobramycin sulfate(Nebcin)Aminoglycosideantibacterial drug. Similarmechanism of action andspectrum as amikacin,gentamicin.Adverse effects similar tothose of amikacin,gentamicin.Dosing requirements varydepending on bacterialsusceptibility. See doseschedules for gentamicinand amikacin.40 mg/mL injection.Dog: 2–4 mg/kg q8h IV,IM, SC or 9–14 mg/kgq24h IV, IM, SC.Cat: 3 mg/kg q8h IV, IM,SC or 5–8 mg/kg q24h, IV,IM, SC.Tramadol hydrochloride(Ultram, and generic)Analgesic drug. Tramadolhas someμ-opioidreceptor action, and itmay also inhibit thereuptake ofnorepinephrine (NE) andserotonin (5 HT). Themetabolite(desmethyltramadol) mayhave greater opiateeffects than the parentdrug.Sedation may occur insome animals, especiallyat high doses. In cats,some vomiting, behaviorchanges, and mydriasismay be observed at highdoses. At very high dosesin dogs, seizures mayoccur.Dosing information isbasedonexperimentalstudies in dogs, andderived from clinicalexperience in dogs.Extended-release tabletsare not equivalent.Tramadolimmediate-releasetablets are availablein 50 mg doses.Dog: 5 mg/kg q6–8h po.Cat: safe dose notestablished.