Biology_Today_-_October_2016

20. Study the given diagrammatic representation of transverse
    section of gut and answer the following questions.

(a) Identify the label A. What is its function?

(b) Layer B is a mucosal layer and consists of blood vessels,

connective tissue and lymphoid tissues. Identify B.

(c) What does ‘C’ represent? In which layer is ‘C’ present?

CHAPTER-17 : BREATHING AND EXCHANGE OF GASES

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Amount of air in the lungs that remains after deep breathing
   is called
   (a) residual volume (b) vital capacity
   (c) tidal volume (d) inspiratory reserve volume.


2. Formation of oxyhaemoglobin occurs on the
   (a) alveolar surface
   (b) tissue
   (c) capillary membrane
   (d) bronchioles.


3. Select the correct order of the movement of fresh air into
   the lungs.
   (a) Nasal cavity → Pharynx → Larynx → Trachea →
   Bronchi → Bronchioles → Alveoli
   (b) Nasal cavity → Larynx → Pharynx → Trachea →
   Bronchioles → Bronchi → Alveoli
   (c) Nasal cavity → Larynx → Trachea → Pharynx →
   Bronchioles → Bronchi → Alveoli
   (d) Nasal cavity → Larynx → Pharynx → Trachea →
   Bronchioles → Bronchi → Alveoli


4. Total lung capacity includes
   (a) RV + ERV (b) TV + IRV
   (c) VC + RV (d) TV + ERV.


5. Hamburger’s phenomenon is also known as
   (a) chloride shift mechanism
   (b) hydrogen shift mechanism
   (c) bicarbonate shift mechanism
   (d) oxygen shift mechanism.


6. The partial pressure of oxygen (pO 2 ) is higher in
   (a) pulmonary artery (b) venous blood
   (c) alveolar air (d) inspired air.
   7. The binding of oxygen with haemoglobin tends to
   displace carbon dioxide from the blood. This phenomenon
   known as
   (a) Bohr effect
   (b) Hamburger’s phenomenon
   (c) oxygen dissociation curve
   (d) Haldane effect.
   8. In normal condition, 100 mL of blood transport about
   (a) 5 mL of oxygen (b) 15 mL of oxygen
   (c) 17 mL of oxygen (d) 10 mL of oxygen.
   9. Which artery supplies blood to the diaphragm?
   (a) Pulmonary artery (b) Femoral artery
   (c) Phrenic artery (d) Both (b) and (c)
   10. Which of the following symptoms is incorrect regarding
   emphysema?
   (a) Alveolar septa collapse
   (b) Regular coughing with thick greenish yellow sputum
   (c) Surface area of gas exchange decreases
   (d) Loss of elasticity in the walls of alveolar sacs

Match The Columns

11. Match Column I with Column II.
    Column I Column II
    A. Vital capacity (i) Glycolysis
    B. Tidal volume (ii) 3500 mL
    C. Pharyngitis (iii) Inflammation of mucous
    membrane of nose
    D. Cellular respiration (iv) 500 mL
    E. Rhinitis (v) Sore throat


12. Match Column I with Column II. (There can be more than
    one match for items in Column I).
    Column I Column II
    A. Functional residual (i) Adam’s apple
    capacity
    B. Respiratory centre (ii) Expiratory reserve volume
    C. Larynx (iii) Cytoplasm
    D. Inspiratory capacity (iv) Medulla oblongata
    E. Aerobic respiration (v) Tidal volume
    (vi) Mitochondria
    (vii) Residual volume
    (viii) Pons varolii
    (ix) Inspiratory reserve
    volume
    (x) Sound box