Science - USA (2022-04-15)

clusters resulted in higher Mantel statistics
(Fig. 2I) and a stronger dependence between
pairwise Pearson correlations and tuft den-
dritic distance (Fig. 2, E, H, and J to L, and
fig. S4A; linear regression permutation test).

Finally, for the largest-amplitude calcium

events (cluster 4), the activity was spread

throughout the entire tuft tree, and responses

inallROIswerehighlycorrelated(Fig.2,E

and H). This was manifested as lower Mantel

statistics (Fig. 2I) and lower dependence of the

pairwise Pearson correlation values on den-

dritic distance (Fig. 2, E, H, and J to L, and fig.

S4A; linear regression permutation test). Even

in cluster 4 events, it is evident that some

SCIENCEscience.org 15 APRIL 2022¥VOL 376 ISSUE 6590 271

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Soma

5 sec

Soma

Soma

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Example 1

A

Example 2

B

Example 3

CD

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

Fraction of somatic activation

Whole tree Hemi-tree

100%

Hemi-tree

70-99%

Hemi-tree

35-65%

Hemi-tree

10-34%

Soma

5 sec

2

F/F

2

F/F

2

F/F

2

F/F

Example 1

E F

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

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Fraction of somatic activation

Whole tree Tree

70-99%

Tree

35-65%

Tree

10-34%

Type 1 PTNs

Type 2 PTNs

Fig. 4. Tuft and soma activity correlations.Quasi-simultaneous tuft and soma
recordings were performed with an electrically tunable lens (ETL) (~10 Hz) in
type 1 and 2 PTNs. (AtoC) Examples of representativeDF/Ftraces in the tuft
and soma from a type 1 PTN (ROIs are arranged by the tree structure as indicated

by the dendrogram). (D) Mean (±SD) fraction of tuft events that were

simultaneously active with the soma for type 1 PTNs (seven neurons, six animals).

(E) As in (A) for a type 2 PTN. (F) As in (D) for type 2 PTNs (three neurons,

three animals).

RESEARCH | RESEARCH ARTICLE