Vertebrate Development Maternal to Zygotic Control (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology)

545

O
Oocyte, 8–11, 489
fully grown mouse, 512
growth, 6, 7
mammalian, 493, 500
maturation
APC, 9, 11
cyclic adenosine monophosphate
(cAMP), 8
cytostatic factor (CSF), 9, 10
luteinizing hormone (LH), 8
WEE1B and MYT1, 8
OET (see Oocyte-to-embryo transition
(OET))
small RNA population, 497
Xenopus, 497, 498, 512
zebrafish, 493
Oocyte polarity, 175–178, 180, 181, 184
animal-vegetal, 182–184
Bb, 182
Bb precursors, localization, 184
cytoplasmic bridges, 183
embryonic body axes
dorsal determinants, 175
zebrafish Wnt8, 176
genetic entry points
buc, 184
macf1, 184
germ cell determinants, 178–180
germ layer formation
ectoderm, 176
endoderm, 177
gastrulation, 177
mesoderm, 177
Veg T, 177, 178
nuclear cleft, 183
sperm entry region
acrosome, 181
mouse, 180
polyspermy, 181
zebrafish, 181
zygotene stage, 183
Oocyte-to-embryo transition (OET)
diversity of vertebrate egg morphology,
491, 492
fertilization triggers, 491
MZT, 490
resumption of meiosis, 491
self-sufficient embryo, 491
timescales of vertebrate, 492
transcriptional quiescence, 491
vertebrate, 489, 490, 492
zygotic expression, 491

Oogenesis, 3, 6–11, 386, 389, 407

cyst, 182

follicle assembly, 5–6

germ line stem cell, 182

germline (see Primordial germ cells

(PGCs))

meiotic division, 182

mitochondrial cloud, 3

oocyte, 2

growth, 6–7

maturation, 7–11, 50–52

oogonia, 5

Xenopus laevis, 3

Organizer experiment, 247

Ovulation, 12

P

Pachytene piRNAs, 499

Parental epigenetic marks

DNA methylation, 514–517

DNA sequence, 514

histone marks, 514

histone modifications, 517–518

maternal chromatin modifications, OET,

519–520

molecular mechanisms, 514

primordial germ cells, 515

protamine/histone exchange,

spermatogenesis, 518

reprogramming, 515

PGC induction

axolotl embryos, 420

FGF, 420

germ plasm, 417

last cell standing hypothesis, 421

tailbud stage embryos, 419

totipotent cells, 418

vertebrates, 420

Phosphoprotein phosphatases (PPPs), 91

Piwi proteins, 410

PIWI-associated RNA (piRNA), 496,

499–500

Placental mammals/eutherians, 318, 319

Pluripotency, 473, 475

Pluripotent gene expression, 424–425

Pole regulator Oskar (Osk), 192

Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1), 90, 94, 97

Poly(A) RNA, 502–503

Polysomes, 195

Polyspermy, 181

Postacrosomal sheath WW domain-binding

protein (PAWP), 26

Index

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