••• Chapter 41^ Breast Disorders^417
❍ When is ultrasonography found to be useful?
It aids in evaluating inconclusive mammographic findings, women with dense breast tissue, and differentiating a
cyst from a solid mass.
❍ When should an MRI be recommended for screening?
In women with a 20% or greater lifetime risk of developing cancer.
❍ Who is considered to have a 20% or greater lifetime risk of developing cancer?
Women with a history of radiation therapy to the chest between the ages of 10 and 30 years have a known
BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation, a first-degree relative with a BRCA1 or BRCA 2 mutation that have not been tested
themselves, and other genetic syndromes.
❍ What genetic syndromes increase one’s risk of breast cancer?
Li-Fraumeni, Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba, and Cowden syndrome,
❍ What screening is recommended for women with BRCA1 and BRCA2?
Twice yearly clinical breast examinations, annual mammography, annual breast MRI, and instruction in breast
self-examinations
❍ What screening should be implemented in women who received thoracic irradiation between the ages 10
and 30?
Annual mammography and MRI.